P2P.org Blog: Insights, Guides, and News

Institutional BTC Staking Guide via Babylon and P2P.org

This is a quick guide for institutions looking to stake BTC using Babylon’s staking interface with P2P.org validator. The process is simple and can be completed in just a few steps.Follow the instructions below to get started.<h2 id="about-babylon-btc-staking">About Babylon BTC Staking</h2>Babylon enables native Bitcoin staking without requiring users to bridge or wrap their BTC. It leverages Bitcoin’s security and decentralization, allowing holders to participate in staking while maintaining self-custody. The platform integrates seamlessly with popular wallets and validator partners like P2P.orgGet started with BTC staking! 1. Access the BTC Staking PlatformVisit the official Babylon BTC staking portal at:<a href="https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org"> https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/</a><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfaVTjUzckm6Evb21-mhIT2tXkIjM9H5E0bVHN8Jo-phE7wnwGWbFC9FunKm0tBxVjwIXXNdtTjG8d_5zxtuBXsCRZfoU3j_YzphVnARUn4-DObUHFeKTwGsrJK7LaoFNd-PRCx?key=tHwHOo6XYhLXgvzcAKv0NndU" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="889"></figure>2. Connect Your WalletClick Connect Wallet and select the wallet of your choice. For this guide, we use Leap Wallet as an example.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXei9VImPB_8Mwr7EXKz-uCFqr7Mjo8U6siRIYYBwK1S1Kpx8ZUl5XF3dWmgEiFrYYOVYl0AjcJjfqKkPENkha97SVfIlueWv35VSXKt9R7DQhCC_q3CHTInlt_xzEIDKfCK0RVOCA?key=tHwHOo6XYhLXgvzcAKv0NndU" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="876"></figure><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcTrcHvW_qzQpmfXzy0IH-75HigckDtOat83CZl4Kdq0FLEiimlJUyvFSjY-M0NUThcU7OsLmDw2cuxDUNuRkEq_qpvcH7gr6bIFbFJNZ3iHw8acoRGepN1Nlpg3kfRRrgE1M0M?key=tHwHOo6XYhLXgvzcAKv0NndU" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="802" height="724"></figure>3. Select P2P.org and Specify Staking Amount Once your wallet is connected:<ul><li>Navigate to the P2P.org validator option. </li><li>Enter the amount of BTC you wish to stake. Please note that the minimum staking amount is 0.005 BTC. </li><li>Click Preview to proceed.</li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXd9QqvoER_ArIbsHu3PeBr5TKwIaDTpuFmUHQnOZAag1ofnnN8Pg6e7AEsQIhASiUbJlFP-h7o-Lf3M5xaZj-LNic3gAOtwOOFRW8bJZa1OANveuNbGuwI1ivEkY-F1a5ZsgLPn?key=tHwHOo6XYhLXgvzcAKv0NndU" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1581" height="620"></figure>4. Confirm and StakeReview the staking summary carefully. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the staking process with <a href="http://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org">P2P.org</a>. Please note that there will be a transaction fee for staking. 5. Monitor Your Staking Dashboard After staking is completed, you can view your active stake and rewards through the dashboard available on the staking platform.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXd0IyamWTMkagWAktG1UtmXFtZ0yPBaKLRlmpenWp2L9MlYhwdgTjsDEMo2hKeDsMy_3I5hUtcnawb0Rs3PBYoq5froatAOC1gzSi3ZgSKLTLgAjfCy8PjJ-k7WTdjco_b-tncfhA?key=tHwHOo6XYhLXgvzcAKv0NndU" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1580" height="535"></figure>6. Current Staking Yield As of the time of writing, the BTC staking annual percentage yield (APY) is 1.31%. Please note that this rate is subject to change.<h2 id="want-to-stake-btc-with-p2porg">Want to stake BTC with P2P.org?</h2>Our team of specialists is ready to provide personalized guidance tailored to your businesses specific staking requirements. <a href="[email protected]" rel="noreferrer">Get in touch with us here</a>.

John Murray

from p2p validator

Algorand Staking Guide

Managing your ALGO staking with P2P.org is easy and straightforward. Use the<a href="https://reti.nodely.io/?ref=p2p.org"> Staking Dashboard</a> to stake and manage your ALGO tokens securely.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXeK4VFF52bi_StKzAt5C-axi1HfrJvnnls4-dLfHdjxow6dmqOcZBIL_KJhehaTXHTZWne9AIgrQYJU0u6q7tdLoT_mVkQXt2lA7TbTgLmWCF9P2TV9pruWN3boMsKpn5683rkt2g?key=o9LCc68usBm2gYgkeXFxH4Nb" class="kg-image" alt="Staking Dashboard" loading="lazy" width="1287" height="1187"></figure><h2 id="staking-your-algo-with-p2porg">Staking Your ALGO with P2P.org</h2><ol><li>Connect Your Wallet Connect any Algorand-supported wallet (Defly, Pera, Kibisis, Exodus, or Lute) by clicking the “Connect” button on the staking dashboard. </li><li>Enter Amount to Stake Enter at least the minimum staking amount (100 ALGO) and sign the transaction to complete the staking process. </li><li>View Your Staked ALGO Once your transaction is confirmed, you can see your staked amount with the selected validator in the ‘My Stakes’ section at the top of the dashboard. </li></ol>Select Your Validator Once connected, find the P2Porg.algo validator and select 'Stake'. <figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcKEbwC2Af-dLIitwECDsIy9ZBO_xpNos120nIzYLVIDqJSQGK9Vatef5yjdvNPCuVsLNIQRbP32m2DSMi6cJDwibmzJEbo7PLOsDGQfPiV-YN0E7WO5NmOX6ErFAgqP7x3n8FJ6g?key=o9LCc68usBm2gYgkeXFxH4Nb" class="kg-image" alt="Stake Validator" loading="lazy" width="1315" height="824"></figure><h2 id="unstaking-your-algo">Unstaking Your ALGO</h2><ol><li>Find Your Staked ALGO To unstake, navigate to the 'Staked' section in the dashboard and select the Validator you want to unstake from. </li><li>Specify the Amount to Unstake When choosing the amount to unstake, ensure that it’s above the minimum entry amount (or you can unstake the entire amount). </li></ol>For more detailed instructions on staking and unstaking, check out the<a href="https://txnlab.gitbook.io/reti-open-pooling/introduction/readme?ref=p2p.org"> Réti Pooling Documentation</a>.<h2 id="additional-resources-and-support">Additional Resources and Support</h2>Have questions or need support? Join our<a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org"> Telegram chat</a> to connect with the community and the P2P.org team. We're always happy to help.

John Murray

from p2p validator

Introducing Algorand Staking on P2P.org: Get Started Today

P2P.org is proud to announce the launch of Algorand (ALGO) staking on our platform, bringing high-speed, secure, and non-custodial staking to the global blockchain community. As a decentralized, scalable, and efficient blockchain, Algorand offers a powerful, popular platform for applications, digital assets, and financial solutions.<h2 id="what-is-algorand-algo">What is Algorand (ALGO)?</h2>Algorand is a next-generation blockchain platform designed by Turing Award-winning professor Silvio Micali. Utilizing Pure Proof-of-Stake (PPoS), Algorand ensures fast, secure, and low-cost transactions, while supporting digital asset tokenization, smart contract execution, and a wide range of use cases.<h2 id="why-stake-algo-with-p2porg">Why Stake ALGO with P2P.org?</h2>P2P.org offers institutional-grade Algorand staking solutions that are designed for speed, security, and scalability. With a non-custodial platform, your ALGO tokens remain fully under your control while providing automated reward distribution, robust API integrations, and SOC 2 Type I security standards.Key features include:<ul><li>Non-custodial staking: You retain full ownership of your ALGO tokens, ensuring complete control over your assets. </li><li>High-availability infrastructure: Our platform is designed to provide maximum uptime, ensuring your staking rewards are constantly optimized. </li><li>SOC 2 Type I certified security: Your funds and data are protected by enterprise-grade security standards. </li><li>Real-time analytics: Enjoy real-time tracking of your staking performance with our intuitive dashboard, so you can manage your rewards easily. </li><li>Seamless integrations: Stake through wallets, custodians, exchanges, and investment apps with our API-first platform. </li></ul><h2 id="empowering-stakers-p2porg%E2%80%99s-expertise-in-staking-solutions">Empowering Stakers: P2P.org’s Expertise in Staking Solutions</h2>P2P.org is committed to providing reliable and secure staking options, trusted by thousands of users and institutions worldwide. With a powerful API-first platform, we offer seamless and automated staking solutions for Algorand, including the ability to manage staking across multiple channels, such as dashboards, wallets, and exchanges.<ul><li>Top 3 TVL node operator in Algorand: P2P.org is among the leading Algorand validators by total value locked (TVL). </li><li>Manage your ALGO stakes from one place: Our platform allows you to oversee all your ALGO staking activities from a single dashboard. </li><li>Non-custodial staking: Always retain control of your assets, even while participating in staking. </li><li>SOC 2 Type I certified security: We adhere to strict security protocols to safeguard your assets. </li></ul><h2 id="benefits-of-staking-algo">Benefits of Staking ALGO</h2>Staking your ALGO tokens with P2P.org offers a wide range of benefits:<ol><li>Passive income generation Earn rewards for staking your ALGO without the need for active management. </li><li>Instant unstaking No lock-up period — your assets remain fully liquid, allowing for instant access whenever you need. </li><li>Long-term asset growth By staking, you contribute to the security and scalability of the Algorand network, ensuring long-term growth for both your assets and the network. </li><li>Contribute to decentralization Your staking participation helps decentralize and secure the Algorand blockchain, fostering a more robust ecosystem. </li><li>Eco-friendly blockchain Algorand’s commitment to sustainability makes staking a green choice in the crypto space. </li></ol><h2 id="how-to-stake-algo-with-p2porg">How to Stake ALGO with P2P.org</h2>Staking ALGO with P2P.org is simple:<ol><li>Visit the P2P.org staking page: Navigate to our dedicated Algorand staking page to find more information. </li><li>Delegate your ALGO tokens: Send your ALGO tokens to our secure staking pool using the delegation address provided.<ol><li>Delegation Address:<a href="https://reti.nodely.io/validators/101?ref=p2p.org"> https://reti.nodely.io/validators/101 </a></li></ol></li><li>Monitor your rewards: Track your staking performance in real-time via our comprehensive dashboard.</li></ol>Be sure to check out our dedicated Algorand Staking Guide for a full run-through.<div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://p2p.org/economy/algorand-staking-guide/?_gl=1*1gk3zac*_up*MQ..*_ga*MTI0OTkxNjkwMi4xNzQ2NjI2Njgz*_ga_KGHZN80HE4*czE3NDY2MjY2ODIkbzEkZzEkdDE3NDY2MjcwNDIkajAkbDAkaDk0MTYzMDc2" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Algorand Staking Guide</a></div><h2 id="ready-to-stake-algo">Ready to Stake ALGO?</h2>P2P.org is proud to offer secure and non-custodial staking for Algorand. If you’re ready to start staking or want to discuss your options, <a href="mailto:[email protected]">connect with our staking experts today</a>!

John Murray

from p2p validator

P2P.org Selected as Genesis Validator for IOTA Rebased Launch

We are proud to announce that P2P.org was selected as one of the 13 Genesis Validators for the IOTA Rebased mainnet launch that took place on May 5, 2025. This milestone represents a significant vote of confidence in our infrastructure and expertise as we join an elite group of validators tasked with ensuring the secure transition of the IOTA network to its new Move-based protocol.<h2 id="a-historic-transition-for-iota">A Historic Transition for IOTA</h2>The IOTA network just saw its most significant evolution to date. On May 5, 2025, following the collective decision of IOTA token holders, the network transitioned to a fully decentralized, delegated Proof-of-Stake architecture through the IOTA Rebased upgrade.This crucial upgrade required a meticulously coordinated Genesis Ceremony to ensure the flawless migration of all user funds, assets, and data from the current IOTA Stardust network to the new IOTA mainnet. As one of the 13 Genesis Validators, P2P.org played a pivotal role in this historic transition.<h2 id="the-genesis-ceremony-birthing-a-new-network">The Genesis Ceremony: Birthing a New Network</h2>The Genesis Ceremony represents the birth of the new IOTA network in a truly decentralized manner. Each of the 13 validators independently created and verified the Genesis state of the new IOTA mainnet, ensuring a perfect 1:1 transfer of the final ledger state from the previous IOTA Stardust network.This careful validation process ensured that every address, balance, and token was transferred correctly, maintaining the integrity of the network and preserving access for all token holders. The ceremony's design prevents any single entity from controlling the network, aligning with IOTA's vision of true decentralization.<h2 id="why-p2porg-was-selected">Why P2P.org Was Selected</h2>Since our founding in 2018, P2P.org has built a reputation for excellence in non-custodial staking infrastructure. With over $5 billion in staked assets across 40 networks and supporting more than 90,000 delegators and 130+ institutional clients, our track record speaks for itself.Over the past five months, we've collaborated closely with the other selected Genesis Validators to prepare for this launch, addressing technical challenges and implementing updates to ensure a smooth transition. Our selection validates our commitment to providing secure, reliable validator services for cutting-edge blockchain networks.<h2 id="the-genesis-validator-cohort">The Genesis Validator Cohort</h2>P2P.org is honored to serve alongside twelve other distinguished validators:<ul><li>IOTA Foundation</li><li>IOTA Ecosystem DLT Foundation</li><li>Tangle Ecosystem Association</li><li>DLT GREEN</li><li>LugaNodes</li><li>Twinstake</li><li>Kiln</li><li>Stakin</li><li>Nansen</li><li>Blockscope</li><li>Coinage x DAIC</li><li>Staketab</li></ul>This carefully selected group represents a balance of institutional expertise, technical capability, and community presence—essential ingredients for the successful launch of the new IOTA network.<h2 id="next-steps-validator-onboarding-and-delegation">Next Steps: Validator Onboarding and Delegation</h2>Following the successful Genesis Ceremony and the launch of the network, additional validators will now be able to join in a permissionless manner based on delegation from IOTA stakers. The IOTA Foundation will gradually delegate funds from its treasury to qualified validators to ensure a secure bootstrapping of the mainnet.The network is expected to reach its full committee size of 50 active validators within five epochs (approximately 5 days). The composition of this committee will be determined entirely by delegation amounts, with updates occurring every epoch (24 hours).<h2 id="our-commitment-to-the-iota-ecosystem">Our Commitment to the IOTA Ecosystem</h2>As a Genesis Validator, P2P.org is fully committed to supporting the long-term success of the IOTA ecosystem. We've invested significant resources in optimizing our infrastructure specifically for IOTA's unique requirements and have assembled a dedicated team to monitor and maintain our validator operations around the clock.For IOTA token holders looking to participate in the network's security through delegation, P2P.org offers:<ul><li>Industry-leading reliability with 99.9%+ uptime</li><li>Enhanced security measures designed specifically for high-value networks</li><li>Transparent fee structure with competitive rates</li><li>Dedicated support for delegators of all sizes</li></ul><h2 id="looking-forward">Looking forward</h2>We're excited about the future of IOTA and the new opportunities this upgrade will create for developers, users, and the entire blockchain community. The Move-based protocol implementation opens up powerful new capabilities for smart contracts and decentralized applications, and we're committed to supporting this ecosystem's growth.Stay tuned for more updates as we approach the May 5th Genesis Ceremony. If you're interested in delegating to P2P.org after the network launch, <a href="mailto:[email protected]">contact our staking experts today</a>!

John Murray

from p2p validator

P2P.org Joins Monad as a Validator

We are excited to announce that P2P.org is now supporting Monad as a validator. This partnership represents our commitment to supporting innovation in the Web3 and blockchain space.  <h2 id="joining-forces-with-monad">Joining Forces with Monad</h2>As a leading validator service provider, P2P.org continuously evaluates emerging blockchain projects with transformative potential. After analyzing Monad's architecture and capabilities, we're thrilled to participate in their testnet as a validator. <h2 id="about-monad-bridging-high-performance-with-evm-compatibility">About Monad: Bridging High Performance with EVM Compatibility</h2>Monad represents a significant advancement in Layer 1 blockchain architecture, addressing the persistent trilemma of performance, scalability, and developer accessibility. What sets Monad apart is its unique combination of two critical elements:<ol><li>Full EVM Compatibility: Developers can leverage their existing Ethereum tooling and code bases without modification, dramatically reducing the barrier to entry.</li><li>Parallel Transaction Execution: Unlike traditional sequential processing, Monad allows multiple independent transactions to run simultaneously, significantly boosting throughput.</li></ol><h3 id="key-technical-advantages">Key Technical Advantages</h3><ul><li>MonadBFT Consensus: A custom-built consensus protocol delivering high throughput, fast finality, and robust security guarantees even in adversarial conditions.</li><li>Impressive Performance: Testnet metrics show processing capacities exceeding 10,000 TPS, compared to Ethereum's ~14 TPS and Solana's 4,000-4,500 TPS.</li><li>Sub-Second Finality: Transactions reach speculative finality in under one second, providing near-instant confirmations.</li><li>Tail-Fork Resistance: Enhanced security features prevent malicious leaders from forking recent blocks for MEV extraction.</li></ul><h2 id="what-this-means-for-stakers">What This Means for Stakers</h2>By joining as a testnet validator, P2P.org brings significant value to the Monad ecosystem. Our professional validation services leverage proven infrastructure to ensure reliable block production and optimal performance for all network participants. Through our participation, we're helping to strengthen the testnet's decentralization and resilience, enhancing overall network security during this critical development phase. Additionally, our early ecosystem support demonstrates our commitment to contributing to Monad's development at a foundational stage, allowing us to actively help shape the future of this promising protocol as it evolves toward mainnet.<h2 id="looking-forward">Looking Forward</h2>As Monad progresses toward mainnet launch, P2P.org is committed to providing continued support as a validator. Monad has the potential to become a significant player in the Layer 1 space by offering the best of both worlds: Ethereum's developer-friendly environment with the high throughput of next-generation protocols.To find out more, please<a href="mailto:[email protected]" rel="noreferrer"> contact our team</a> or join our <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">Telegram community</a> to discuss other staking opportunities.

John Murray

from p2p validator

Staking & ZK proof generation

<h3 id="introduction-how-l2s-think-about-zk-proof-generation-decentralization">Introduction: how L2s think about ZK proof generation decentralization</h3>The goal of this blog post is to add infrastructure providers’ point of view to the discussion of different methods on ZK proof generation decentralization. We found that this point of view is missing or misinterpreted by researchers and L2/ZK protocol creators. Since the decentralization mechanics are usually game-theoretic to some extent, the misconception of infrastructure providers’ behavior could lead to wrong conclusions, thus making the project not reaching its goal - proper reliable, censorship resistant and trustless system that we cherish so much in web3 (cherish less in recent years with surge of centralized L2s, but nevertheless, all of them promise to be properly decentralized one day and we trust them in our trustless industry).<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Staking---ZK-proof-generation-2.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="904" height="174" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/Staking---ZK-proof-generation-2.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Staking---ZK-proof-generation-2.png 904w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>It is hard to separate ZK proof generation decentralization from sequencer decentralization as both those parts of the stack should participate in the same tokenomics. But since we have shared sequencer protocols like Espresso, Astria, Radius and others, plus possible reluctance of L2 protocols to decentralize the sequencers, we will describe only separate decentralization of ZK proof generation.We will present 3 articles regarding decentralization in ZK and experiments on proof generation parallelization. In the first one we will review staking tokenomics and its bad connectivity with the nature of the ZK proving process. The second article will focus on parallelization of proof generation tasks on different hardware. In the third article we will discuss the concept of idle GPUs that many protocols use as the cornerstone of their proof marketplace designs and the aggregation of aggregators problem in ZK space.This article will not provide a definite answer to highlighted problems. The goal is to give additional data missing from other articles regarding this topic, combine them and emphasize on the fact that everything should be battletested and should not be presented as the best final solution while being only on paper. We encourage all protocols not to be afraid to change in the search of the perfect concept.<h3 id="taiko%E2%80%99s-numerous-experiments">Taiko’s numerous experiments</h3>The biggest practical research of this issue was done by the Taiko team that decided to make the 1st permissionless fully decentralized L2. For more than 1 year they have tested multiple setups: proof generation race, stake-based option, bond-based option and finally arrived at the stage with both proposer and prover role handled by the same entity. Let’s make a quick recap of all those tests and how they ended up with the current mainnet.Proof generation race.As the 1st step, Taiko started with the easiest solution. But due to the deterministic nature of ZK proof generation the race ended up with the clear single winner that took almost all of the proofs, so, the result was almost as centralized as current L2 solutions with 1 dominant player. Others were formally “on backup”, but in fact not present at all. It happened because the cost of running the operations is not compensated if you do not actively contribute to the chain's progress.The stats from this testnet may show it otherwise with heavy centralization for Proposers and too beautiful pictures for Provers. We don’t want to get into conspiracy theories, we will just say that we were able to generate ZK proofs mostly at night, during the weekend, and by the end of the testnet when 3 main provers were not active. Nonetheless, the Taiko team made a good decision to test other methods since the community in discord was furious with this model.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-width-wide"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Staking---ZK-proof-generation--1--1.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="927" height="527" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/Staking---ZK-proof-generation--1--1.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Staking---ZK-proof-generation--1--1.png 927w"></figure>Stake-based solution.The next attempt was a stake-based option with the active set of 32 provers and others beyond those 32 on backup. Usually Proof-of-Stake validator’s probability to produce the next block is equal to its share of the stake. But in Proof-of-Stake it is relatively easy to produce the next block, so validators do not have a scaling problem because of the number of blocks to produce (there is a scaling problem with constantly growing blockchain size overall, but it’s another one).On the contrary, ZK proof generation is very demanding in computational power to generate a single proof, and if the prover's stake is growing, it should keep increasing the hardware capacities, otherwise it starts to get slashed. This is what happened in this testnet, and the amount of slashing was so big, that the best position was to be the 33rd prover (the 1st in non-active set) to receive blocks to prove and do the job without the fear of getting slashed. But then the stake grew (or others’ stake was slashed), prover ended up in the active set, got slashed, fell back, and it was a never ending cycle. As you can see, the system was enormously unstable, so Taiko decided to switch to other solutions.Proposer “buys” proofs.The idea is “if protocol can not handle it, let the invisible hand of the market do its magic”. In this solution each proposer can decide on where it can get the proof. At least this was for the first three weeks since mainnet was decentralized. But then the foundation announced “If you are proposing Taiko blocks, ensure you also prove your own blocks, or your liveness bond will be forfeited” also explaining this with “This change removes hook calls from the protocol for gas optimization and simplicity, as hooks are expensive”. Technically, it still can be two separate entities, but in fact the prover does not need the proposer and will always prove on its own.Key aspects why Taiko permissionless decentralization works without both high congestion for proof submission:<ol><li>150 TAIKO tokens per each proof that are locked for 4 hours to dispute - a single entity needs a lot of TAIKO and ETH to proof all blocks in a day (the numbers change with every network update)</li><li>SGX proving - relatively complex technology which is hard to access and manage. This organically reduces the number of participants and prevents gas wars to submit the proof</li></ol>Nevertheless, from a community and tokenomics perspective there is a significant drawback to the model. With the current parameters 4 hours to return the bond and on average 2 proofs per minute only 72000 TAIKO tokens are being actively used for system functioning. In other words, 99.92% of circulating supply has no utility, apart from being used within DeFi and governance.<h3 id="other-protocols-discussions">Other protocols discussions</h3>In 2023 Starknet was actively discussing proposals on decentralization of their protocol on forum, so, let’s address the summary of the discussion. The Starknet protocol is divided into four layers: leader/proposer elections, consensus, proving, and L1 state updates. Starknet will use a variant of Tendermint. Starknet plans to use the chained proof protocol which is based on Mina’s design. It requires every block proposal to include a proof of a previous block.Aztec’s testnet is underway, and in their initial series of blog posts they have created a design for stake-based sequencer decentralization protocol, while ZK proof generation will be outsourced. Sequencers are allowed to get the proof on external markets of their choice. They hope that the open market will provide the best quality and price.Before the airdrop ZkSync also dropped a news bomb with a blog post and corresponding article about their thoughts on ZK proof generation decentralization. On a high level within the Prooφ described in the article corresponding to the post both staking and auction-based mechanisms are included, where staking is needed to slash provers if they send incorrect proofs. As for the auction part, a prover with the best bet (=lowest cost) wins, but gets paid the costs of the second price determined by the auction. At the same time the fee should always cover the cost of the proof generation for an auction to work.<h3 id="stake-based-solutions">Stake-based solutions</h3>We have described before how Taiko experimented with staking and went into mainnet with bonds instead. Overall, it makes some sense, but it also reduces the number of people that can use TAIKO as utility token, thus reducing its attractiveness to institutions and retail, since only a selected few can launch SGX prover and meaningfully utilize the token. Tokens are not only a financial or technological phenomenon, but also a social one, and engagement from as many participants as possible is crucial for project success, so, we will focus on a stake-based model of decentralization.Sudden spikes of stake will not be possible to avoid, even by creating a hard cap on maximum stake, because the cap will not safe from the situation where several other provers lose their delegation, thus “promoting” the weak prover to get more proofs to generate while it does not have the required capacity. Some might argue “so slash them if they are not capable”, but constant slashing is exactly the reason why Taiko abandoned staking: this is bad delegators’ experience, and they will simply use other more safe protocols, for example Solana, where they don’t have slashing.Let’s draw some possible scenarios<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/table1.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="2000" height="459" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/table1.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/04/table1.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1600/2025/04/table1.png 1600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/table1.png 2000w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/table2.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="2000" height="563" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/table2.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/04/table2.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1600/2025/04/table2.png 1600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/table2.png 2000w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/table3.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="2000" height="459" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/table3.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/04/table3.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1600/2025/04/table3.png 1600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/table3.png 2000w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>Some suggestions might be:<ul><li>Slash only Operators - then Delegator will have to unbond, wait for N days, delegate again to another operator, possibly repeating the situation.</li><li>Even if there’s no unbond period, still, delegator will have to monitor the activity precisely, so, either the rewards should be good (and not absorbed by sequencer), or a delegator will find better opportunities elsewhere</li><li>“Buying” proofs elsewhere including from A & B. Although A & B benefit from C getting slashed, but buying elsewhere requires business details negotiations, setting up provers elsewhere, possibly syncing with the network - it might take a long time, not all operators might have everything setup</li><li>Decoupling leader selection from staking</li></ul>The idea in general should be like in the bonding schema: if the prover knows that it can’t make another proof in time, it should not be forced to do it by leader election mechanism. Nevertheless, with a big stake comes great responsibility, and this should be reflected in the user-related metrics, for example in APR. ZkSync’s “Proof” partially solves the issues, but several months later another whitepaper also addressed the problem using another auction method.Succinct’s proof contest is an interesting approach that helps to internalize the competition between provers and free them from gas wars on Ethereum for their respective proofs to be accepted on-chain. The staked collateral will be used not only for potential slashing, but also in the reverse auction to win proofs. Provers will use a part of staked collateral to pay for a chance to win the next proof. To prevent payment wars, the size of the payment only determines the probability to win, but not the one with the highest payment wins.Overall, this model seems like a fascinating approach that definitely should be tried within the Web3 industry to test how it can be potentially gamed. As we’ve seen before with numerous Taiko experiments, there were a lot of ideas that seemed to work well on paper, but in the end turned out as a disaster, so we only wish for protocols to be flexible in the new environment and evolve to new challenges.<h3 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h3>Taiko has tested many different decentralization setups for more than 1 year before coming to the current solution. Whatever design other protocols might choose - it is better to test it properly and figure out all mistakes before mainnet. Hopefully, when most of the rollups achieve stage 2 decentralization, stage 3 will appear with decentralized parts of the stack for censorship resistance, so that everyone could have the same access to the ecosystem as everyone else, and not by forcing transactions from L1.Overall, we wanted to thank the Taiko team for enormous work on the forefront of L2 decentralization and we encourage other protocols to follow their steps. We also want to thank the Starknet and Aztec teams for taking an active discussion with the community about decentralization designs, and the ZkSync team for their paper and blog post on future decentralization steps. Also we want to reference some of Figment's related blog posts on L2 decentralization. They have similar thoughts, but we tried to make our contribution as well and make a research based on new data from 2024.<h3 id="references">References:</h3>Taiko vision (and impressions on them):<ul><li>Taiko changing complaints (twitter): <a href="https://x.com/bkiepuszewski/status/1798987014047670565?ref=p2p.org">https://x.com/bkiepuszewski/status/1798987014047670565</a></li><li>Taiko proposer must be the prover as well:<a href="https://x.com/taikoxyz/status/1803838265046491409?ref=p2p.org">https://x.com/taikoxyz/status/1803838265046491409</a> </li><li>Impressions on P2P’s participation in Taiko’s testnet №3 on Starknet forum <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-iv-proofs-in-the-protocol/6030/18?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-iv-proofs-in-the-protocol/6030/18</a></li><li><a href="https://taiko.mirror.xyz/qvZV19UrPOPbWwJ3hwdppNlnqn4nM_LXoS1uztKs6DE?ref=p2p.org">https://taiko.mirror.xyz/qvZV19UrPOPbWwJ3hwdppNlnqn4nM_LXoS1uztKs6DE</a> </li><li>The update where prover & proposer were united <a href="https://taiko.mirror.xyz/Od8CVUstKAr6bvuHac5DHuv9jdePOhW6pb5pNOr3VX0?ref=p2p.org">https://taiko.mirror.xyz/Od8CVUstKAr6bvuHac5DHuv9jdePOhW6pb5pNOr3VX0</a> </li><li>Proof generation race stats from ZKPool <a href="https://data.zkpool.io/public/dashboards/Aebs8y0nZ9w20wokJeFlIjWsi9DQcTVOzmBDpQXe?ref=p2p.org">https://data.zkpool.io/public/dashboards/Aebs8y0nZ9w20wokJeFlIjWsi9DQcTVOzmBDpQXe</a> </li><li>Taiko governance <a href="https://taiko.mirror.xyz/9lW3JdFnMJGtoPbmXqFS32XNxf_iK0VDx0vGWk2K7Eo?ref=p2p.org">https://taiko.mirror.xyz/9lW3JdFnMJGtoPbmXqFS32XNxf_iK0VDx0vGWk2K7Eo</a> </li></ul>Starknet vision:<ul><li>Overview <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-i-introduction/2671?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-i-introduction/2671</a></li><li>Leader election <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-ii-candidate-for-leader-elections/4751?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-ii-candidate-for-leader-elections/4751</a> </li><li>Consensus <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-iii-consensus/5386?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-iii-consensus/5386</a> </li><li>Prover decentralization <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-iv-proofs-in-the-protocol/6030?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-iv-proofs-in-the-protocol/6030</a> </li><li>Checkpoints for fast finality <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-v-checkpoints-for-fast-finality/6032?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-v-checkpoints-for-fast-finality/6032</a></li><li>Chained proof protocols <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-vii-chained-proof-protocols-braiding/18831?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/starknet-decentralized-protocol-vii-chained-proof-protocols-braiding/18831</a> </li><li>Tendermint for Starknet <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/tendermint-for-starknet/98248?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/tendermint-for-starknet/98248</a></li><li>Summary <a href="https://community.starknet.io/t/simple-decentralized-protocol-proposal/99693?ref=p2p.org">https://community.starknet.io/t/simple-decentralized-protocol-proposal/99693</a> </li></ul>ZkSync vision:<ul><li><a href="https://zksync.mirror.xyz/z3GvALZwgxN5CrU2kvHV1LuPf14GHc2Ul5dGDC8AZzs?ref=p2p.org">https://zksync.mirror.xyz/z3GvALZwgxN5CrU2kvHV1LuPf14GHc2Ul5dGDC8AZzs</a> </li><li><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+W&ref=p2p.org">Wenhao Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhou%2C+L&ref=p2p.org">Lulu Zhou</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Yaish%2C+A&ref=p2p.org">Aviv Yaish</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+F&ref=p2p.org">Fan Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Fisch%2C+B&ref=p2p.org">Ben Fisch</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Livshits%2C+B&ref=p2p.org">Benjamin Livshits</a> Mechanism Design for ZK-Rollup Prover Markets <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.06495?ref=p2p.org">https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.06495</a> </li></ul>Aztec vision:<ul><li><a href="https://forum.aztec.network/t/on-proving-marketplaces/5218/5?ref=p2p.org">https://forum.aztec.network/t/on-proving-marketplaces/5218/5</a> </li></ul>Figment vision:<ul><li>Proof supply chain <a href="https://figmentcapital.medium.com/the-proof-supply-chain-be6a6a884eff?ref=p2p.org">https://figmentcapital.medium.com/the-proof-supply-chain-be6a6a884eff</a> </li><li>Decentralized Proving, Proof Markets, and ZK Infrastructure <a href="https://figmentcapital.medium.com/decentralized-proving-proof-markets-and-zk-infrastructure-f4cce2c58596?ref=p2p.org">https://figmentcapital.medium.com/decentralized-proving-proof-markets-and-zk-infrastructure-f4cce2c58596</a> </li></ul>

Anton Gaev

from p2p validator

Tezos Delegation & Staking Guide

Delegating and staking your Tezos (XTZ) tokens is a great way to put your assets to work while supporting the security and decentralization of the Tezos network. Whether you’re new to staking or looking for a smoother experience, this guide will walk you through the full process, step by step.We’ll show you how to:<ul><li>Get your XTZ ready.</li><li>Connect a supported wallet.</li><li>Delegate and stake your tokens.</li><li>Understand the rewards and risks involved.</li></ul>By following this simple process using the official Tezos staking dApp, you’ll be earning network rewards in just a few minutes, all while keeping full custody of your assets.<h3 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites</h3><ol><li>Get your XTZ ready: </li></ol>Before you begin, make sure you own some Tezos (XTZ). You can purchase XTZ on various<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/tezos/?ref=p2p.org#Markets"> cryptocurrency exchanges</a> and withdraw it to a supported non-custodial wallet such as Kukai, Temple, or Umami.<ol><li>Use the official Tezos staking dApp:</li></ol>This guide follows the earning flow provided through the official Tezos staking dApp. Multiple wallets are supported. The steps explained mainly involve interacting with the dApp, with clear indicators of when to sign messages or transactions in your selected wallet. While the signing process may vary slightly between wallets, it’s simple overall. If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to our support team via<a href="https://www.p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org"> our website</a> (click the chat icon in the bottom-right corner).<ol start="3"><li>Understand delegation vs. staking: </li></ol>Tezos (XTZ) offers two flexible ways to participate and earn rewards: delegation and staking. Delegation is a simple, liquid option where your funds remain accessible at all times, while staking locks your tokens for a short 4-day unbonding period but provides up to 3× higher rewards. For more details on the differences, visit the dedicated P2P Tezos page.<ol start="4"><li>Delegation is a required first step: </li></ol>Before you can stake your XTZ, you must first delegate it to a baker. This guide walks you through the full process. If you only wish to delegate, you can stop after Step 9.<ol start="5"><li>Your entire balance will be delegated: </li></ol>Tezos does not allow partial delegation. Your entire wallet balance will be delegated to the selected baker, who will also be the one you stake with if you proceed further.<ol start="6"><li>Detailed info at your fingertips:</li></ol>Need more in-depth information? Feel free to browse our materials in <a href="https://p2p.org/faq/en/collections/2867667-tezos-staking?ref=p2p.org">the Help Center!</a><h3 id="step-1-go-to-the-tezos-staking-page">Step 1: Go to the Tezos Staking Page</h3><ul><li>Navigate to the Tezos staking platform available under<a href="https://stake.tezos.com/?ref=p2p.org"> https://stake.tezos.com/</a>.</li></ul>Click the “Start Earning” or “Connect” button.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.44.20.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="2000" height="1105" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.44.20.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.44.20.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1600/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.44.20.png 1600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.44.20.png 2000w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="step-2-connect-your-wallet">Step 2: Connect Your Wallet</h3><ul><li>In the displayed popup, choose your preferred wallet (we used Kukai for this guide).</li><li>Approve the connection request in your wallet app.</li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXd3vXQCeamp686EzWhliEQUsqssuRRJhC74Wjx4xBH0VlumBB8d9XQhBQvVKKSPzGpimwzbPcSX-bC2q-lwIz1-IZZmsbyYqOZCp_esz-f2Pkkk0DVHjc-BBHKdZRbo1Xq3J5WI_A?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-3-view-wallet-status">Step 3: View Wallet Status</h3><ul><li>After connecting, your wallet balance will be displayed.</li><li>If you have no funds delegated yet, the status will show “Inactive”.</li></ul>Click “Start Earning” to begin.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfhrz6hbmjprPbD6MqeotaEtcpIdFIy1ZlIK_oMKdUs3yU6WvzP-bWyKn4rT-IYG008t4jOPaG_a2G0dfvNUHbWqJSIevS0m16difST_1bgvUJXEW83Rmk8rdljqiRU7UlW2Elb-A?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-4-choose-between-delegating-or-staking">Step 4: Choose Between Delegating or Staking</h3>Now you will see two options:<ul><li>Delegate: 1x reward factor; funds remain liquid.</li><li>Stake: 3x reward factor; funds are locked (4-day unbonding period applies after unstaking).</li></ul>Your choice here isn’t final—it’s flexible. After delegating, you can choose to stake at any time. Similarly, during the staking process, you can stop after delegation (Step 9 in this guide) if you prefer. In this guide, we walk through the full process, so we selected “Stake” at this stage.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdLpalqtv3UCI862kicjFWHyBmXYBcy43IhfBxhMffZAcoz8y6qxMuVQ_zYTYv8gVdqMKNhqt8swYfECSfzp_UYscWQPqB5V-2nFHeHPT-nUDVi15qd0hAVoxq_uAMZTlo4O5MgGA?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-5-understand-staking-requirement">Step 5: Understand Staking Requirement</h3><ul><li>Before staking, you must delegate your balance to a Tezos baker.</li></ul>Click “Select Baker” to proceed.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcAJCN8usBbK1rUZlq3RNShHYt2wRA1yQzhe8UchRmY8vyzGlx7hcV03KPes0HHChw5yu0aHtUQaUGU78l7JyyyFXVZ9vUHxXpaxKBMfeBy_m_PAj14ipY4B9nti92Dq8GYoY19?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-6-choose-a-baker">Step 6: Choose a Baker</h3><ul><li>Use the search bar or browse to find a baker (e.g.,<a href="http://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org"> P2P.org</a>).</li></ul>Click “Select” next to the baker of your choice.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXf_9BaIy2vAGSvCr5Th8hs4EqrqnOT-vvSniEZ3zPRb_fFQvuDeyToEnjPvfj5r3yqpLd8sIBnhzIlhFhO_kuti3UZ3yuLiBKoZ1EGCVY4549tiaE3nYTVqN5qgMwecQX1WChAbqw?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-7-confirm-delegation">Step 7: Confirm Delegation</h3><ul><li>Review the baker details (total staked, fee, and available space).</li></ul>Click “Continue” to proceed.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcxGK6rVjB0la2ZwtO-nTCMA6LNht-tMMahryUK7V6OBwGJyriiSpTCltXjc9lplSXZhdvXlFRGBIyU_dR63YDoJk_tNNWGm23lK7-s0CuZZT__ok2QezbC1onzUaUoa7NmiOMw?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-8-sign-the-delegation-transaction">Step 8: Sign the Delegation Transaction</h3><ul><li>A prompt will appear. Sign the transaction in your wallet (e.g., Kukai).</li><li>Wait for confirmation.</li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXejiTtyhmlGIHlGEunM73GwzPz1gEhVmlp3u87ejuAwUc4lGRgX7kBCjevLPYw4VlVUswJlv5LjJs4Jp1jZ3GgV2P3M7bCs1mzD_tlPquJ0TK6qdf8L8boesqFfRdlf-TfFMNvkiw?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-9-confirmation">Step 9: Confirmation</h3><ul><li>You’ll see a confirmation screen saying “Nicely Done!” once the delegation is successful.</li><li>Click “Continue”.</li></ul>Note: This is the final step if you only wish to delegate. However, we encourage you to stake to potentially receive 3x higher network rewards.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXe8iy7iyPZSHmvrNwOTu-eUJXQOAV6E_s3fsh-HVED8bFsx3VI8kDT_4seydbHRMtCM0z0xJ80DT6-Ut6SL0gEjyoDKPn6q-rtOTbKGVmYHA9Q2Y8gyOvF-wkeUGHPp7iddBMwYPw?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-10-stake-your-xtz">Step 10: Stake Your XTZ</h3><ul><li>Now enter the amount of Tezos (XTZ) you want to stake.</li></ul>Click “Continue” and sign the staking transaction in your wallet.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfUTKR8XuaULtPo1xBhMbjP5epdAf2zCtYvgFP5MUI0mq-ag-BWqlsgAOcM4GWy1fLavDPg80fSjmyzbuUNcffXFsm57aVKqigyh_9N3B1rjmiLMmlKjVWh3_UoPKXFzm-0wyHndw?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="887"></figure><h3 id="step-11-accept-disclaimer">Step 11: Accept Disclaimer</h3><ul><li>Review the disclaimer:<ul><li>Staked balances are locked until manually unstaked (takes ~4 days).</li><li>Slashing risk: You may lose part of your stake if your baker violates consensus rules. This is extremely rare on Tezos—P2P.org has not experienced a slashing event to date (01.05.2025).</li></ul></li><li>Tick the checkbox to agree with the Terms of Use.</li></ul>Click “Stake” and you’ll be prompted to sign the transaction in your wallet one more time.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXeJ0dEOiGFotMCNf9hg2O9WKa4ZyZLvkBT4hKtbh7psHrY6BOHjNeTGizGbHbN618iV51Jm-7VTwk59G5V4gJfRncYyAWBz2gRofZ57PWijF_8aiwJPXs-RnRnd6CR2j69GahjRsA?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-12-sign-the-staking-transaction">Step 12: Sign the Staking Transaction</h3><ul><li>Once signed and processed, you’ll see a confirmation message:<ul><li>“You have successfully staked 20 tez.”</li></ul></li></ul>Any remaining balance is delegated to the baker automatically.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcX-01YWbSplV4lUtfRx8sL7zGPpFZVPa87vVRSFy8GgYSVmueNEDMIFRNdpg7OYE2ngu-CmZC2ME1txsfmU6Ui0lmXcmme9wFIFbU9IQyQK9eHk7aSxtKcBGbCURb0rNvlGGHVAg?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure><h3 id="step-13-confirm-staked-status">Step 13: Confirm Staked Status</h3><ul><li>After completing the process:<ul><li>The staked amount appears under “Staked”.</li><li>The delegation status is Active. Any additional funds transferred to this wallet will be automatically delegated, but additional staking must be initiated manually.</li></ul></li></ul>The baker's name and details are shown.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdZ4MFbzn-kbt2YVXP_xfCqOFNBrf8LbF-IWP71o2TOb0Ch7u8uZxg_rOqFpmoBJJ5OHIBOqGj-7FAo3W7GcFlQiZyzRPCqdIlriS1bOQ_yKI-QW5q7aEAZg_vbn_lg1w9PlFox?key=lDrx7vmuHAnsk1eCDrO55ya9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="886"></figure>That’s it! You are now earning XTZ with<a href="http://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org"> P2P.org</a> Baker. Note that your XTZ remains fully in your custody, and you are free to undelegate or unstake at any time using the same interface and confirming the transactions through your wallet.Are you looking for institutional staking?We collaborate with leading custodians and institutional staking providers to ensure secure, compliant, and seamless Tezos (XTZ) staking solutions. Whether you use a third-party custodian or require a custom integration, we can help.Contact us via<a href="https://www.p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org"> p2p.org</a> using the chat icon in the bottom-right corner — we’ll work with you to find the best path forward.The information provided above is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as, or relied upon as, investment, financial, or any other type of professional advice. P2P.org or any associated parties do not offer any form of advisory services, and nothing shared here should be considered as a recommendation or endorsement for any financial decisions. P2P.org is not responsible for any decisions made based on the information provided. You are encouraged to consult with a qualified financial advisor or professional before making any investment or financial decisions.

John Murray

from p2p validator

Celebrate the Tezos Rio Upgrade With 0% Fee Staking

<h2 id="tldr">TL;DR</h2><ul><li>Increased network rewards: Tezos staking now offers 12.9% NRR (3x more than delegation) with daily automatic compounding.</li><li>Faster access to funds: The Rio upgrade reduces the unstaking period to just 4 days (down from 10) making staking even more attractive.</li><li>Zero-fee promotion: For a limited 30-day period, P2P.org is offering 0% fees on Tezos (XTZ) staking.</li></ul>The Tezos blockchain has just rolled out another significant improvement with the activation of its 18th protocol upgrade — Rio. To celebrate this milestone, P2P.org is offering a limited-time promotion: 0% fees on Tezos (XTZ) staking for the next 30 days!<h2 id="the-rio-upgrade-whats-new">The Rio Upgrade: What's New?</h2>The Rio upgrade brings several important improvements to the Tezos network that benefit both bakers (validators) and users:<h3 id="faster-cycles-quicker-access-to-your-funds">Faster Cycles, Quicker Access to Your Funds</h3>One of the most user-friendly changes in Rio is the reduction of cycle length from approximately 3 days to just 1 day. This seemingly simple change has profound implications:<ul><li>Unstaking period reduced from 10 days to just 4 days — access your staked XTZ much faster</li><li>Changes to staked balances are reflected in consensus rights after only 2 days (previously 6 days)</li><li>Staking parameter changes activate after 5 days instead of 14 days</li><li>Rewards are distributed daily rather than every 3 days</li></ul><div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://www.p2p.org/networks/tezos?ref=p2p.org#stake" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">STAKE HERE</a></div><h3 id="incentivized-data-availability-layer-dal">Incentivized Data Availability Layer (DAL)</h3>Rio introduces changes to the distribution of participation rewards, allocating 10% to active Data Availability Layer node operators — a crucial component for Layer 2 scalability and the Tezos X roadmap. This positions Tezos for significant growth in transaction throughput and overall network utility. The updated reward weights, effective since the start of the Rio upgrade, can be found on <a href="https://octez.tezos.com/docs/rio/adaptive_issuance.html?ref=p2p.org#reward-weights">the Tezos Documentation</a>.<h3 id="improved-network-resilience">Improved Network Resilience</h3>The upgrade also increases network reliability by reducing tolerance for inactive bakers. Bakers are now marked inactive after 2 days (down from 8 days) but can return to active status in just 2 days (previously 6 days).<h2 id="the-staking-advantage-why-you-should-consider-staking-over-delegating">The Staking Advantage: Why You Should Consider Staking Over Delegating</h2>While delegation has been the traditional way to participate in the Tezos network, direct staking was introduced last year  to further contribute to network security while offering compelling advantages at the same time.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.27.29.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="2000" height="707" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.27.29.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.27.29.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1600/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.27.29.png 1600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/05/Screenshot-2025-05-01-at-11.27.29.png 2000w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="1-increased-network-rewards">1. Increased Network Rewards</h3>After <a href="https://p2p.org/economy/tezos-staking-3x-rewards-after-the-quebec-upgrade/">the introduction of Tezos staking</a>, it initially provided rewards that were twice (2x) as large as those from delegation. However, following the Quebec upgrade implemented on January 20, staking XTZ now provides three times (3x) greater rewards than delegation. While network rewards are continuously adjusted by the Adaptive Issuance mechanism, you can rest assured that staking will continue to offer three times the rewards. This is one of the key factors that makes staking particularly attractive.<h3 id="2-automatic-daily-compounding">2. Automatic Daily Compounding</h3>Unlike delegation rewards, which rely on baker payments that can be irregular, staking rewards on Tezos are automatically distributed and compounded daily at the network level. This maximizes your earnings without requiring any extra steps.<h3 id="3-quick-access-to-funds">3. Quick Access to Funds</h3>Now the unbonding period for staked XTZ equals just 4 days — a significant improvement that balances earning potential with reasonable access to your funds. While delegated funds remain liquid at all times, a short lock-up in exchange for up to three times higher rewards through staking offers an attractive trade-off, especially when compared to the lengthy unbonding periods on other networks.<h2 id="limited-time-offer-0-fees-on-staking-with-p2porg">Limited Time Offer: 0% Fees on Staking with P2P.org</h2>To celebrate the Rio upgrade and encourage more Tezos holders to experience the benefits of staking, P2P.org is offering 0% fees on all Tezos staking for a limited time.As one of the original Tezos network participants (operating since 2018), P2P.org combines industry expertise with institutional-grade security for your staked assets. Our perfect uptime record and transparent operations make us an ideal partner for your Tezos staking needs.<h3 id="why-stake-with-p2porg">Why Stake With P2P.org?</h3><ul><li>Zero fees for a limited time (30 days with potential extension)</li><li>Operating as a Tezos baker since 2018, nearly since network inception</li><li>Full commitment to governance processes</li><li>Institutional-grade security and reliability</li><li>Dedicated support team</li></ul><h2 id="how-to-get-started">How to Get Started</h2>Ready to increase your Tezos rewards? Whether you're new to staking or want to convert your delegated XTZ to staked XTZ, we've got you covered. Please refer to our comprehensive guide covering the most popular wallets to get started. <div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://p2p.org/economy/tezos-delegation-staking-guide/?_gl=1*cvijm5*_up*MQ..*_ga*MjEzOTkxMzg2Ni4xNzQ2MTExOTE1*_ga_KGHZN80HE4*MTc0NjExMzg5OC4yLjAuMTc0NjExMzg5OC4wLjAuMTg1NjQzMzYxOQ.." class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">STAKING GUIDE</a></div><h2 id="dont-miss-this-opportunity">Don't Miss This Opportunity</h2>Taking into account all the recent changes favoring staking — including the 3× rewards and the reduced four-day unbonding period — now is the perfect time to make the switch and maximize your Tezos rewards. Notably, staking activation is instant for current delegators, leaving no reason for hesitation.The limited-time 0% staking fee promotion is our way of celebrating Rio and helping the Tezos community capitalize on the latest network improvements. Join us in embracing this exciting new chapter for Tezos!<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2><h3 id="about-the-rio-upgrade">About the Rio Upgrade</h3>Q: How does the cycle reduction affect my staking rewards distribution? A: With Rio, staking rewards are now distributed daily instead of every 3 days. This provides more regular compounding, helping your rewards grow faster.Q: Will my delegator rewards be paid out daily now? A: The protocol doesn't specify when delegation rewards must be paid — this remains at the baker's discretion. P2P.org will always be responsible for providing reasonable timelines that take into account effective compounding and cost efficiencyQ: What is the Data Availability Layer (DAL) and do I need to worry about it? A: The DAL is a key component for Tezos scalability. As a staker or delegator, you don't need to take any action — the benefits will come automatically as the network capacity grows.Q: Are there any security risks with this upgrade? A: No, the Rio upgrade maintains Tezos' strong security model while improving user experience. The shorter unstaking period doesn't impact security but makes many network operations smoother.<h3 id="about-staking-vs-delegation">About Staking vs. Delegation</h3>Q: If I'm currently delegating with P2P.org, how do I switch to staking? A: Visit <a href="http://stake.tezos.com/?ref=p2p.org">stake.tezos.com</a>, connect the wallet you're currently using for delegation, and follow the prompts to "Convert to Staking." The process takes just a few minutes.Q: Will I lose rewards if I switch from delegation to staking? A: No. Any pending delegation rewards will still be distributed to you according to our regular schedule, while your new staking rewards will begin accruing immediately.Q: How often can I expect rewards distribution? A: Considering that the delegation activation and freezing periods are over, delegation reward payouts will follow your baker’s specific payout schedule. In the case of staking, rewards will always be distributed daily.Q: What's the main difference between staking and delegation? A: The key differences are: (1) Staking offers 3x higher network rewards (12.2% vs 4.1%), (2) Staking rewards compound automatically daily, and (3) Staked XTZ has a 4-day unbonding period while delegated XTZ remains fully liquid.Q: Do Tezos (XTZ) rewards compound? A: Yes, for both delegation and staking, though there are slight differences. In the case of delegator rewards, the compounding effect depends on the baker’s payment schedule. That’s why it’s important to choose a baker with regular, timely payouts who also covers transaction fees (such as P2P.org). On the other hand, staking rewards are automatically distributed and compounded daily at the network level, maximizing your earnings without additional steps.Q: Is there a minimum amount required for staking? A: No, you can stake any amount of XTZ. However, given transaction fees on the network, we recommend staking amounts where the higher rewards will meaningfully outweigh the cost of transactions.<h3 id="about-the-0-fee-promotion">About the 0% Fee Promotion</h3>Q: How long will the 0% fee promotion last? A: The promotion is initially set for 30 days and will end on 31.01.2025, but we may extend it based on community response.Q: What happens to my staking fees after the promotion ends? A: After the promotion period, our standard competitive fee structure will apply to new rewards earned. The exact rate will be announced before the end of the promotion.Q: Can I unstake during the promotion period? A: Yes, you can initiate unstaking at any time. Remember that the new 4-day unbonding period will apply.Q: Does P2P.org have stake capacity limits? A: Yes, our staking capacity is determined by our self-stake amount. Currently, we're only at 11.9% of our staking capacity, so there's plenty of room for new stakers.Have more questions? Contact our support team at [email protected] or join our <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">Telegram community</a>.The information provided above is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as, or relied upon as, investment, financial, or any other type of professional advice. P2P.org or any associated parties do not offer any form of advisory services, and nothing shared here should be considered as a recommendation or endorsement for any financial decisions. P2P.org are not responsible for any decisions made based on the information provided. You are encouraged to consult with a qualified financial advisor or professional before making any investment or financial decisions.

John Murray

from p2p validator

A Quick Guide to TRON Staking

This staking guide provides detailed instructions for staking TRON (TRX) using the P2P.ORG validator. Staking TRX allows you to earn passive rewards by delegating your tokens to support the TRON network’s security and operations. P2P.ORG is a trusted, non-custodial validator offering a reliable and user-friendly staking experience.Before starting, ensure you have a minimum of 1 TRX for staking, plus ~1 TRX for transaction fees, and one of the TRON-Compatible Wallets:<ul><li>TronLink (browser extension or mobile app)</li><li>Trust Wallet (mobile app)</li><li>Ledger (hardware wallet integrated with TronLink)</li><li>CoolWallet Pro (hardware wallet with app support) </li></ul><h2 id="step-1-set-up-your-wallet">Step-1 Set Up Your Wallet </h2><ul><li>Download TronLink (official TRON wallet) or use any other wallets.</li><li>Create a new wallet or import one. Save your seed phrase securely. </li></ul><h2 id="step-2-go-to-staking">Step-2 Go to Staking </h2><ul><li>Open your wallet:<ul><li>TronLink: Click “Governance” or “Staking.”</li><li>Trust Wallet: Tap TRX, then “Stake.”</li><li>CoolWallet: Use the app’s “Staking” section. </li></ul></li></ul><h2 id="step-3-choose-p2porg-validator">Step-3 Choose P2P.ORG Validator </h2><ul><li>Find P2P.ORG validator address - TH7Fe1W8CcLeqN4LGfqX1R9EpsnrJBQJij. </li></ul><h2 id="step-4-stake-your-trx">Step-4 Stake Your TRX </h2><ul><li>Enter the TRX amount to stake (minimum 1 TRX).</li><li>Freeze your TRX (locks for 3 days). Choose Bandwidth or Energy (or both). (Bandwidth: For transaction fee subsidies. Energy: For smart contract interactions.) Confirm the freeze transaction. </li><li>After freezing, your TRX generates TRON Power (TP) proportional to the staked amount.</li><li>Vote for P2P.ORG with your TP. Confirm transactions. </li></ul><h2 id="step-5-monitor-and-claim-rewards">Step-5 Monitor and Claim Rewards </h2><ul><li>Check your wallet to confirm your stake.</li><li>Rewards are paid daily or weekly. Claim them in your wallet’s “Claim Rewards” section (small fee applies)</li><li>TRX staking rewards are automatically compounded</li></ul><h2 id="about-p2porg">About P2P.org </h2><a href="https://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org">P2P.org</a> is a world-leading non-custodial staking provider, securing over $2 billion by over 10,000 delegators/nominators across 25+ high-class networks.Do not hesitate to ask questions in our <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">Telegram chat</a> or contact us via <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> . We are always open for communication.Stake TRON with us: <a href="https://p2p.org/polkadot?ref=p2p.org">https://p2p.org/</a>tronTwitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/p2pvalidator?ref=p2p.org">@p2pvalidator</a>Telegram: <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">https://t.me/P2Pstaking</a><h2 id></h2>

John Murray

from p2p validator

Byzantine & P2P.org: A Powerhouse Partnership for Pectra-Ready Restaking

P2P.org is joining forces with <a href="https://www.byzantine.fi/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Byzantine</a>, the first Pectra-ready restaking protocol designed to aggregate restaking opportunities across multiple networks into a single, user-friendly platform. Byzantine's innovative approach allows users to efficiently distribute assets across diverse protocols while maintaining complete control over their strategies, powered by trusted validators. This partnership delivers immediate benefits to P2P.org users looking to expand their (re)staking opportunities.<h2 id="another-step-towards-pectra-readiness">Another step towards Pectra readiness</h2>Ethereum's upcoming Pectra upgrade marks an important evolution in the staking ecosystem, introducing a model that creates a better balance between network security and validator safety. For re-stakers and those with diversified staking strategies, this represents a critical opportunity to prepare their positions. P2P.org continues its journey toward full Pectra readiness, developing infrastructure optimizations that will help re-stakers maximize benefits while minimizing risks during this transition. For more information on the Pectra upgrade and its implications, read the most recent report in the<a href="https://p2p.org/economy/playing-it-safe-how-ethereums-new-staking-model-protects-conservative-stakers/"> P2P.org blog</a>.<h2 id="byzantine-offering-to-users">Byzantine offering to users</h2>P2P.org users can now access expanded opportunities through Byzantine's streamlined restaking options. Users will receive simplified access to multiple yield opportunities without switching providers, all while continuing to use the same trusted infrastructure they know. By accessing Byzantine's unified platform users can manage both staking and restaking positions, all while leveraging P2P.org's Pectra-ready infrastructure for optimized performance across both ecosystems.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.04.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1570" height="850" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.04.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.04.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.04.png 1570w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.17.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1598" height="862" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.17.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.17.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-28-at-11.57.17.png 1598w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h2 id="why-p2porg-is-an-operator">Why P2P.org is an operator </h2>P2P.org values security and reliability. Byzantine shares these priorities, offering a seamless bridge between traditional staking and emerging restaking opportunities. With full Pectra compatibility, assets work efficiently across protocols, combining a fully audited platform, led by <a href="https://spearbit.com/?ref=p2p.org">Spearbit</a>, <a href="https://hacken.io/?ref=p2p.org">Hacken</a>, and soon <a href="https://cantina.xyz/welcome?ref=p2p.org">Cantina</a>, with user-friendly management tools.<h2 id="ready-to-expand-your-staking-strategy">Ready to expand your staking strategy?</h2>For P2P.org users, this integration means exploring restaking without sacrificing the security and performance you know and trust. Byzantine's testnet is now live and users can already access it – giving early adopters a head start before the much-anticipated mainnet launch planned for summer. <h2 id="about-byzantine">About Byzantine</h2>Byzantine reimagines restaking infrastructure, making it simpler to access both Native and non-native Restaking through strategically aggregated vaults. The platform enables efficient asset distribution across multiple protocols while maintaining complete strategy control. With a focus on security, automation, and yield optimization, Byzantine partners with leading validators like P2P.org to build a resilient and scalable restaking ecosystem.

John Murray

from p2p validator

P2P.org Brings Institutional TRX Staking to TRON

Expanding our validation offering by introducing staking services of TRX on the TRON network. <h2 id="tldr">TL;DR</h2>P2P.org has been selected as a TRON Super Representative Validator, expanding our validation services to 40+ networks and enabling institutional TRX staking on TRON. As one of only 27 elected validators P2P.org will provide institutional partners access to TRX staking.<h2 id="expanding-our-validator-portfolio">Expanding Our Validator Portfolio</h2>We're excited to announce P2P.org's selection as a TRON Super Representative Validator, marking our expansion to over 40+ supported networks. By continuously expanding our validator portfolio, we're ensuring our institutional partners can optimize their digital asset approaches across a range of networks in the space.<h2 id="the-tron-network">The TRON Network</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-29-at-15.58.42.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1736" height="1158" srcset="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w600/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-29-at-15.58.42.png 600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1000/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-29-at-15.58.42.png 1000w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/size/w1600/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-29-at-15.58.42.png 1600w, https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-29-at-15.58.42.png 1736w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption> TRON Network statistics covering number of accounts, transaction count, total transfer volume and token value locked. Details can be found at https://trondao.org/</figcaption></figure>Founded in 2017, TRON has established itself as a significant player in the blockchain space with distinctive technical attributes. The network processes transactions every 3 seconds through its Delegated Proof of Stake consensus model, allowing for throughput of approximately 2,000 transactions per second. This architecture supports a diverse ecosystem of over 4,000 decentralized applications across DeFi, NFTs, gaming, and content distribution sectors. With more than $5 billion in total value locked (TVL) and 300+ million accounts, TRON's infrastructure prioritizes efficiency and accessibility. The network's design eliminates intermediaries by connecting creators and users directly, providing institutional participants with streamlined operations that do not compromise security or compliance requirements.<h2 id="tron%E2%80%99s-native-token-trx">TRON’s Native Token, TRX</h2>As TRON's native cryptocurrency, TRX (Tronix) fuels the entire ecosystem through multiple integrated functions. It powers all economic activity across the network while enabling direct participation in the consensus model through staking. TRX holders gain governance authority with voting rights that shape network decisions. The token also serves as the currency for transaction fees and smart contract execution, creating a complete economic system within the TRON ecosystem.<h2 id="tron-super-representatives-validators">TRON Super Representatives Validators</h2>TRON's Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus revolves around its Super Representatives—a council of 27 elected validators maintaining the network's integrity, security, and performance.These validators form the backbone of TRON's capabilities. Every three seconds, Super Representatives produce blocks in a round robin structure. They continuously validate transactions and uphold protocol rules, ensuring network security. Their governance authority extends to voting on critical network decisions that shape TRON's progression. Perhaps most importantly for stakeholders, they share substantial block rewards with those who voted for them.As incoming TRON Super Representative, P2P.org will simultaneously strengthen network infrastructure and create a pathway for institutions to access rewards on the TRON network. You can view the current list of <a href="https://tronscan.org/?ref=p2p.org#/sr/representatives">Super Representatives here. </a><h2 id="tron-staking-specifics">TRON Staking Specifics</h2>TRON's distinctive staking approach combines flexibility with steady, reliable rewards.The process centers on "freezing" your TRX tokens, which means temporarily committing them to network consensus without permanently locking them away. This freeze period requires just a 3-day minimum, after which you retain the flexibility to unfreeze if needed. Minimum stake is 1 TRX. Your frozen TRX grants proportional voting power to elect Super Representatives, giving you direct influence over network governance. Beyond financial returns, staking generates valuable bandwidth and energy resources that substantially reduce transaction costs across all your TRON operations.<h2 id="reward-structure">Reward Structure</h2>Historical network returns typically range from 6-8% annually, though actual returns may vary based on network conditions and validator performance. These rewards flow to stakeholders through regular distributions, arriving daily or weekly, depending on the stakers preference.In the TRON ecosystem, your staking rewards don't automatically return to work for you. They simply accumulate in your wallet. This manual hurdle of adding the earned rewards back into your stake means most users and validators leave potential rewards on the table, forcing you to constantly monitor and stake those earned rewards. P2P.org eliminates this friction point entirely. We consistently monitor and put your TRX rewards back into your stake. <h2 id="ready-to-stake-trx">Ready to Stake TRX?</h2>P2P.org is excited to join TRON as one of the 27 Super Representative validators. If you want to discuss your TRX staking options, connect with our staking experts today!

John Murray

from p2p validator

Why Monad Might Be The Next BIG Thing

At P2P.org, we’re examining Monad's architecture and potential implications for the web3 ecosystem. Here's what makes this protocol worth watching.<h2 id="understanding-monads-position">Understanding Monad's Position </h2>Blockchain networks today face a constant trade-off between performance, scalability, and developer accessibility. While some chains prioritize speed and parallelism, others focus on ecosystem maturity and tooling. Monad bridges both worlds by combining high-throughput performance with full EVM compatibility.<h1 id="technical-framework-parallel-execution-with-evm-compatibility">Technical Framework: Parallel Execution with EVM Compatibility</h1><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXf1P9O3KxgxO2eIJHTDdnPKF424MapsJIKr6J2bQp4iN6U8LmftkWSkawRxlsqACYZdsokVCDPcmsTdM4N3VFrRzRgs8dg8IesJbIXSGWWmEv1f3l2kTIu2OU3AJMKzirzXNbhnMw?key=lbgW6HuoAyZNsW_481ZAwxYT" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="976"></figure>Monad's core technical proposition combines two main elements: Full EVM Compatibility, which enables developers to work with familiar Ethereum tooling and code bases, and Parallel Transaction Execution, which allows multiple independent transactions to run simultaneously. This architectural approach positions Monad as a potential bridge between Ethereum's developer ecosystem and the performance capabilities seen in alternative Layer 1 solutions. For teams working within the Ethereum ecosystem, this could reduce friction when exploring higher-throughput environments. Monad’s EVM compatibility allows for easy implementation of bridging solutions and cross-chain applications, eliminating the need to build an entirely new ecosystem. This approach drives both increased adoption and accessibility, as developers can leverage their existing expertise within a familiar framework.<h1 id="monadbft-a-new-consensus-approach">MonadBFT: A New Consensus Approach</h1>Monad introduces the MonadBFT, a custom consensus protocol purpose-built to deliver high throughput, fast finality, and strong guarantees in adversarial conditions. It introduces several design choices that address real-world pain points in modern BFT systems without sacrificing performance or decentralization. Here are the key features:<ul><li>Tail-Fork Resistance: Prevents malicious leaders from forking recent blocks for MEV. Once a proposal reaches quorum, the next leader must build on it, ensuring stability. </li><li>Linear Communication Complexity: Keeps communication efficient as the validator set grows. MonadBFT scales smoothly, maintaining performance in large, decentralized networks. </li><li>Speculative Finality in One Round: Transactions are finalized after one round of validator votes, offering near-instant confirmations and a better user experience.</li></ul>For technical details, the Monad Foundation has published a whitepaper titled "<a href="https://x.com/monad_xyz/status/1907471952710865382?ref=p2p.org">MonadBFT: Fast, Responsive, Fork-Resistant Streamlined Consensus</a>" that outlines the complete protocol specifications.<h1 id="how-does-monad-perform-vs-ethereum-and-solana">How does Monad perform vs. Ethereum, and Solana?</h1>While Ethereum and Solana have set important milestones in scalability and ecosystem growth, Monad introduces a design that aims to blend both best without compromising performance or decentralization. Here’s how they compare across core technical dimensions:  <table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col width="143"><col width="233"><col width="233"><col width="233"></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:0pt"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Feature</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Ethereum</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Solana</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Monad</td></tr><tr style="height:0pt"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">TPS</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">~14 TPS</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">4,000 - 4,500* TPS</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">10,000+ TPS (testnet)</td></tr><tr style="height:0pt"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Execution Model</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Sequential</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Parallel (Sealevel)</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Parallel (Optimistic)</td></tr><tr style="height:0pt"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">EVM Compatibility</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Native</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Not Compatible</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Fully compatible</td></tr><tr style="height:0pt"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Finality</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">~12 min</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">~13 seconds</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"><1 sec (speculative)</td></tr><tr style="height:0pt"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Consensus</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Proof of Stake (Casper FFG + LMD Ghost)</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Tower BFT + Proof of History</td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">MonadBFT</td></tr></tbody></table>  *Including Solana voting transactions ** Data on Monad TPS can be verified here: <a href="https://messari.io/compare/megaeth-vs-monad?ref=p2p.org">https://messari.io/compare/megaeth-vs-monad</a><h1 id="current-achievements">Current Achievements </h1>Monad remains in active development, with ongoing community and developer growth, while also reporting several technical milestones from the testnet environments:<ul><li>Throughput Performance: Tests showing processing capacity exceeding 10,000 TPS</li><li>Finality Speed: Implementations demonstrating sub-second speculative finality</li><li>Community and Developer Engagement: Monad has enjoyed continuous community and developer growth, with its X account having achieved over 1 million followers and the <a href="https://www.monad.xyz/ecosystem?ref=p2p.org">ecosystem of dApps</a> growing daily. </li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfe35FHv91vkp-fopK9bQOppi94QUnSnmu9ymQkEuueOra6NRli9ZejBz6R1rbSO6wBXYGkb3Jo4sGQluj8ij26I9nF2bbOWbiHl6_Gi6UMFpTuxv5SkuQJgZfe27y2LqctmDHUHw?key=lbgW6HuoAyZNsW_481ZAwxYT" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1024" height="562"></figure>It's important to note that testnet performance metrics represent controlled environments, and real-world network conditions will ultimately determine how these systems perform at scale.While the network is still in its early stages, it brings together strong foundational elements, such as EVM compatibility, high-performance architecture, and a clear focus on scalability. If Monad continues to maintain its momentum and progress, this Layer 1 solution has the potential to establish itself as a strong player in the web3 space. P2P.org is excited to see Monad’s progression and will continue to report on ongoing developments. If you’re considering staking in the Monad ecosystem or exploring future opportunities, feel free to reach out to P2P.org.

Georgii Vosorov

from p2p validator

Partnership, Staking P2P.org and Copper Collaborate to Drive Institutional-Grade Staking Solutions

Unlocking institutional-grade staking across multiple blockchains — with security, efficiency, and scale at the core.We’re excited to announce a new collaboration between P2P.org and Copper, uniting our shared focus on delivering high-performance solutions for institutional clients. By combining Copper’s custody expertise with P2P.org’s optimized staking infrastructure, we’re setting a new standard for institutional services.Initially supporting staking for DOT and SOL, the partnership will expand to include ETH, DVT, and Bittensor in the near future.<h2 id="a-shared-mission-security-simplicity-and-superior-performance">A shared mission: security, simplicity, and superior performance</h2>Institutional adoption of staking is accelerating, but the bar for usability and security remains high. Copper and P2P.org are meeting that challenge head-on.By integrating P2P.org’s proprietary rebalancing technology into Copper’s custodial stack, the partnership streamlines staking workflows for institutions, helping them optimize network rewards, cutting overhead, and streamlining multi-chain navigation.“We are excited to team up with P2P.org to supply our clients with unparalleled security and efficiency in managing their staked digital assets,” said Ben Lorente, Strategic Alliances Director at Copper. “The P2P.org team fully shares our commitment to ensuring a secure, user-friendly and dynamic staking environment where they can maximise their returns.”<h2 id="institutional-staking-redefined">Institutional staking, redefined</h2>This collaboration reflects a shared belief that staking infrastructure must meet institutional expectations without compromise on security, performance, or accessibility.P2P.org’s unified API gives clients seamless access to staking across 30+ chains, while Copper’s multi-party computation (MPC) custody ensures assets remain secure and off-exchange at all times.“This collaboration is a significant step forward for institutional staking as a whole,” said Alex Loktev, CRO at P2P.org. “By combining Copper’s cutting-edge MPC technology and custody solutions with our staking infrastructure and unified API, we are meeting the exacting standards of institutional clients and lightening their technical load. Ultimately, our ambition is to set a new benchmark for what institutions expect from their staking partnerships.”Please note: Staking is not currently available through Copper in the United Kingdom.<div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="mailto:[email protected]" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Get in touch with the P2P team</a></div>

John Murray

from p2p validator

P2P.org Announces Continued Support for Babylon Phase 2: Bitcoin Staking

P2P.org continues its validator support for Babylon with the launch of Phase 2 (Babylon Genesis), furthering our commitment to Bitcoin staking and web3 innovation.We're continuing our support for BTC staking through Babylon. Phase 2 of the Babylon Network is more than just a technical milestone; it's about creating real value and utility in the Bitcoin ecosystem.<h2 id="babylon-genesis-the-next-step-for-bitcoin">Babylon Genesis: The Next Step for Bitcoin</h2>Babylon Genesis has officially launched as the first chain secured by Bitcoin staking. This launch marks Phase 2 of Babylon's ambitious roadmap launching its Babylon Genesis Network.Babylon Genesis is secured through both BABY and Bitcoin staking.The chain relies on two layers of security: • CometBFT validators, who receive BABY delegations • Finality providers, who receive Bitcoin delegationsBoth validators and finality providers are subject to slashing in case of misbehavior, ensuring a fair system for all.The BABY token has an annual inflation rate of 8%, split evenly between: • 4% for BABY stakers (delegating to validators) • 4% for Bitcoin stakers (delegating to finality providers) As a leading validator in the web3 industry, P2P.org provides comprehensive infrastructure support for this revolutionary protocol that enables Bitcoin holders to participate in proof-of-stake consensus without sacrificing control of their Bitcoin or requiring modifications to the Bitcoin blockchain itself.<h2 id="what-is-babylon">What is Babylon? </h2>Babylon is an innovative protocol that connects Bitcoin with the broader proof-of-stake ecosystem, enabling secure Bitcoin staking without modifying the Bitcoin blockchain. Its unique architecture is built around two core products:Babylon Bitcoin Staking Protocol:This product allows Bitcoin holders to stake their BTC and delegate it to Finality Providers, who provide cryptographic security for emerging Bitcoin-Secured Networks (BSNs). The protocol preserves Bitcoin’s decentralization and security while enabling yield generation. Bitcoin stakers can earn tokens from BSNs—such as BABY tokens—as rewards for securing these networks.Babylon Genesis:The first Bitcoin-Secured Network that leverages the security of Babylon’s Finality Providers. As a standalone Layer 1, Genesis inherits Bitcoin-aligned security and acts as a control plane and liquidity hub for future BSNs. In addition to BTC staking, users can also stake BABY tokens and receive BABY staking rewards for supporting the network’s security and operations.Together, these components form the foundation of a groundbreaking Bitcoin staking ecosystem, bringing new utility to Bitcoin in the proof-of-stake world.<h2 id="bitcoin-staking-details">Bitcoin Staking Details</h2>The Babylon phase 2 launch includes these key parameters for Bitcoin staking:<ul><li>BTC staking unbonding time: 1008 Bitcoin blocks (approximately one week)</li><li>BTC staking slashing ratio: 0.1% (the remaining 99.9% returns to the BTC staker, minus the 0.001 BTC transaction fee)</li><li>Rewards: Bitcoin stakers receive 4% of the annual BABY token inflation</li></ul>It's important to note that for the first two weeks following launch, only Phase 1 Cap-1 active Bitcoin stakes (approximately 1,000 Bitcoin) will be whitelisted for Phase 2 stake registration. After this initial period, Bitcoin staking registration will become fully permissionless, allowing all other Phase 1 stakes and new Bitcoin stakes to register.<h2 id="phase-2-btc-staking-timeline-and-instructions">Phase-2 BTC Staking Timeline and Instructions </h2>April 10–24 (approx.): Phase-1 CAP1 Participants OnlyDuring this initial window, only CAP1 participants (limited to 1000 BTC) are eligible to stake.From April 24 (approx.): CAP2, CAP3 & Open StakingOnce the allowlist expires (based on block height), all Phase-1 participants — including CAP2, CAP3, overflow, and new BTC stakers — can register.To participate:1. Visit the official Babylon Staking Dashboard. 2. Select p2p.org as your Finality Provider 3. Register your BTC and complete the registration process.From this date, anyone with BTC can delegate and earn rewards via p2p.org.<h2 id="the-future-of-bitcoin-staking">The Future of Bitcoin Staking</h2>Babylon's exciting approach marks a significant evolution in Bitcoin's utility, by enabling Bitcoin holders to participate in proof-of-stake consensus while maintaining Bitcoin's core principles of decentralization and security.P2P.org is committed to supporting this innovation with our secure, reliable validator infrastructure. As Babylon progresses to Phase 3, which will allow other networks to access Bitcoin staking security and liquidity via Babylon Genesis, P2P.org will continue to expand our services to support this growing ecosystem.Register your BTC stake on the <a href="https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Babylon dashboard</a> and delegate to P2P to start earning rewards.

Lillie Geistdorfer

from p2p validator

P2P.org Announces Support for Babylon Genesis Baby Staking

Expanding our validator services to support the Babylon network and enhancing Bitcoin staking options. <h2 id="a-new-chapter-in-bitcoin-staking">A New Chapter in Bitcoin Staking</h2>P2P.org is excited to launch validator support for BABY staking on the Babylon Genesis network. As one of the leading validator providers in web3, we’re proud to expand our services for this exciting network that brings new utility to institutional Bitcoin holders.Babylon Genesis is the first Bitcoin-secured network, leveraging Babylon Bitcoin staking to derive crypto-economic security without altering Bitcoin’s proof-of-work consensus. As a standalone Layer 1, it also acts as a control plane and liquidity hub for other Bitcoin-Secured Networks (BSNs), enabling seamless integration with Bitcoin’s security and liquidity.The launch of our enterprise-grade BABY validator marks a significant milestone in our commitment to advancing Bitcoin’s role in the proof-of-stake ecosystem. Our infrastructure is fully optimized to support the Babylon Genesis chain, delivering robust security, high availability, and competitive rewards for BABY token holders.Institutions and individual stakers alike can now participate in securing Babylon Genesis by delegating BABY tokens and earning rewards, backed by P2P.org’s proven track record, slashing protection, and institutional-grade support.<h2 id="what-is-babylon">What is Babylon?</h2>Babylon is an innovative protocol that connects Bitcoin with the broader proof-of-stake ecosystem, enabling secure Bitcoin staking without modifying the Bitcoin blockchain. Its unique architecture is built around two core products:Babylon Bitcoin Staking Protocol: This product allows Bitcoin holders to stake their BTC and delegate it to Finality Providers, who provide cryptographic security for emerging Bitcoin-Secured Networks (BSNs). The protocol preserves Bitcoin’s decentralization and security while enabling yield generation. Bitcoin stakers can earn tokens from BSNs—such as BABY tokens—as rewards for securing these networks.Babylon Genesis: The first Bitcoin-Secured Network that leverages the security of Babylon’s Finality Providers. As a standalone Layer 1, Genesis inherits Bitcoin-aligned security and acts as a control plane and liquidity hub for future BSNs. In addition to BTC staking, users can also stake BABY tokens and receive BABY staking rewards in return for supporting the network’s security and operations.Together, these components form the foundation of a groundbreaking Bitcoin staking ecosystem, bringing new utility to Bitcoin in the proof-of-stake world.<h3 id="babylon-phase-2the-three-facets-of-the-babylon-genesis-network">Babylon Phase 2 - The Three Facets of the Babylon Genesis Network</h3>Babylon Genesis is a multi-faceted blockchain, and we will explore it from three perspectives:<ol><li>A Bitcoin-secured Layer 1 which uses cutting-edge technologies such as Bitcoin staking and Bitcoin timestamping to leverage Bitcoin security;</li><li>A control plane that coordinates the other BSNs with Bitcoin so that they can efficiently receive Bitcoin security and liquidity with minimal integration efforts;</li><li>A liquidity hub that manages Bitcoin liquidity through on-chain applications that are secured by Babylon Genesis</li></ol>You can find more details on Babylon Phase 2 <a href="https://babylonlabs.io/blog/the-three-facets-of-babylon-genesis?ref=p2p.org">here</a>. <h2 id="the-baby-token-powering-the-babylon-ecosystem">The BABY Token: Powering the Babylon Ecosystem</h2>The native BABY token is the cornerstone of the Babylon Genesis network, carefully designed to create a sustainable economic model that aligns incentives across all participants in the ecosystem.<h3 id="baby-token-utility-and-economics">BABY Token Utility and Economics</h3><ul><li>Governance Rights: BABY token holders directly influence the protocol's future development, parameter changes, and treasury allocation through on-chain governance voting.</li><li>Staking Rewards: By staking BABY tokens, holders earn rewards from network transaction fees and protocol inflation.</li><li>Security Mechanism: Staked BABY tokens serve as the security backbone of the network, with validators including P2P.org required to stake tokens as collateral.</li><li>Fee Payment: BABY tokens are used to pay for network operations, including transactions, smart contract execution, and Bitcoin staking services.</li><li>Bitcoin Staking Integration: BTC stakers receive a portion of their rewards in BABY tokens, creating natural demand as the Bitcoin staking ecosystem grows.</li></ul><h3 id="baby-tokenomics-and-staking-details">BABY Tokenomics and staking details</h3><ul><li>Fixed Supply: The total supply of BABY is capped at 10 billion tokens, creating a deflationary mechanism as adoption grows.</li><li>Strategic Distribution: Tokens are distributed across various stakeholder groups including community airdrops, ecosystem development, Bitcoin stakers, and foundation reserves.</li><li>Staking APR: Initial staking rewards are designed to encourage participation while transitioning to a sustainable long-term model.</li><li>Unlock Schedule: Token unlocks follow a well-defined schedule to prevent market volatility and align with ecosystem growth milestones </li></ul>Technical Staking Details:The slashing ratio for BABY staking is 5%.Inflation: BABY has an annual inflation rate of 8%, split as follows:• 4% allocated to BTC staking rewards• 4% allocated to BABY staking rewardsNote: Investors, team members, and advisors cannot stake their locked BABY tokens during the first year.BABY stake unbonding time: 300 Bitcoin blocks (about 50 hours) – Fast unbonding due to BTC security, unlike Cosmos chains' common 21 days.<a href="https://p2p.org/economy/a-step-by-step-to-baby-staking-with-keplr-wallet/" rel="noreferrer">Stake BABY now. </a><h2 id="comprehensive-validator-services-for-the-babylon-ecosystem">Comprehensive Validator Services for the Babylon Ecosystem</h2>As one of the global top 3 validators, P2P.org is excited to announce our comprehensive staking service for BABY token holders. Our validator infrastructure is fully optimized to support the Babylon Genesis network, offering a secure, reliable staking experience.<h2 id="what-babylon-phase-2-means-for-you">What Babylon Phase 2 means for you</h2><h3 id="for-baby-token-holders">For BABY Token Holders:</h3>If you've received BABY tokens through the recent airdrop, you can now stake them with P2P.org validators to earn rewards while supporting the network's security. Our validator infrastructure offers industry-leading uptime, security, and competitive rewards.<h3 id="for-bitcoin-holders">For Bitcoin Holders:</h3>P2P.org continues to offer Bitcoin staking through the Babylon protocol, allowing you to earn rewards on BTC holdings. Head to the <a href="https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Babylon Staking Dashboard</a> and start staking BTC with P2P.org today!<h2 id="getting-started">Getting Started</h2>Ready to stake your BABY tokens? Check out our <a href="https://p2p.org/economy/a-step-by-step-to-baby-staking-with-keplr-wallet/" rel="noreferrer">comprehensive staking guide </a>that walks you through the process step by step.

Kristof Kammerhofer

from p2p validator

A Step-by-Step to BABY Staking with Keplr Wallet

Staking on Babylon Genesis is quick, secure, and rewarding. This guide walks you through the entire process using Keplr Wallet – getting you staking in just a few minutes. Before staking on the Babylon Genesis network, you must have Babylon’s BABY tokens in your account. To deposit funds into your Keplr Wallet, follow the steps below: IMPORTANT: Add Babylon Genesis Network to the Kelpr Wallet<ol><li>Select Babylon Genesis from the list.</li><li>Click Save to add the Babylon Genesis network to your wallet.</li></ol><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfh7usIq54mm-Kvea5JfJPAP80lxOCoVpccIWPOLZq4VMwPRaCmdnnuoGfR9AaeGZVRdINbYu-ElRDnVhZW5cFBpcZyBmpPmyk9i6x10URL09aAXm9r7xPMDnYd8gLCi_CujVWn?key=JUsDPXDaYRzsxXal_ziDJWMd" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1382" height="548"></figure>STAKE BABYLONSTEP 1. LAUNCH YOUR BABY STAKING<ol><li>Click Manage Portfolio in the Keplr Dashboard at the bottom right of the Keplr Wallet extension.</li></ol>The Keplr Dashboard will appear in a new tab. To start staking you need to search for the Babylon Genesis<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcfwdxnQ8FbWRifcHPs4_1TKTocyZxyLSipGQ1CC3WQyiczWg6BFt6KNBk2PH8COqaTh8TwWzlAfQeNuNdmZtX7PVANPAC3LOOIfrx1TR5yTrRK5wi8O_D3b2JFXwpCzowParSt?key=JUsDPXDaYRzsxXal_ziDJWMd" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="1068"></figure>STEP 2. SELECT A VALIDATORChoose a trusted validator from the list of staking providers, such as P2P.ORG.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfGexu1EHG_A9JcVeM_Tu0rXWGVe8R4JS-ELZiC-1vtl2i503dFwEcji4QiTybe_cbGbhJ0ecK0hyDwochsqmsWSzhv4_em2ecfe52AD_d9SsWjvCMXq_-pP-QUZrxdP1pJn6Ndjg?key=JUsDPXDaYRzsxXal_ziDJWMd" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="1104"></figure>Click the Stake button in the following P2P.ORG pop-up. <figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXeHVZOLJbsJkvhn2o1Vj6z7rKaEeDU5SJHkEZMZYiVJBx4aqW3MXX3H5ROtHaEMimLtwT4BkenHCwqzwrqf2jLmslI2GOXrnS0Q6EwP0bpn52LoEXwyOcGsH_e8B9dzQ7p3PxZK?key=JUsDPXDaYRzsxXal_ziDJWMd" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="1125"></figure>STEP 3. DELEGATE TOKENSInput the desired delegation amount for P2P.org, or opt for MAX to stake all available funds. Remember to leave a small amount of tokens to cover fees for future transactions. Click Stake.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcUjlPyrkMM3gZPqKC9obm7lajFKHNmavAy_g1htoSSWqsfnDzu2AyQujshAJV2ngfR2K_wvB5vlr9BS4iHUNVmNyBtxt5xVLTAecnCtwYHsOW2SAAjED5EtkV-Fn1-oBN1xkCG?key=JUsDPXDaYRzsxXal_ziDJWMd" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1078" height="1546"></figure>STEP 4. CONFIRM THE TRANSACTIONGo to the Keplr Wallet and approve the transaction.Once the transfer completes successfully, you can check this transaction in the Keplr Dashboard.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfwM5l1WHRxOcqgAKDTH42mrSJwnV_PewnVn-HmNALDYci-33YI1rp-Sf4DYpcKelWO688fJ8O_yJGLWgYKibNWDUaBg3ZWCHaneNF-58jon8QBRoQtNWgpZ2XVrV62-yhnZ0gzTg?key=JUsDPXDaYRzsxXal_ziDJWMd" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="744"></figure>Please note that BABY has an around 2-day unbonding period. You will retain ownership of your assets throughout this period, with the lock-in only preventing you from transferring the funds to other accounts for the specified time.

Lillie Geistdorfer

from p2p validator

Introducing Lambda’s DeFi PnL

In decentralized finance, one question stands above all others: "How much money am I actually making?" While this seems straightforward, the unique mechanics of DeFi—with its staking rewards, rebasing tokens, and other activities—make traditional profit-tracking methods inadequate.In this guide, we're breaking down Lambda DeFi's inclusive approach to Profit and Loss (PnL) calculation, providing Wallets with the tools to help their users truly understand their portfolio performance.<h2 id="the-foundation-what-pnl-really-means-in-defi">The Foundation: What PnL Really Means in DeFi</h2>At its core, PnL (Profit and Loss) is the total measure of your portfolio performance, expressed by a simple but powerful formula:PnL = Unrealized Profit + Realized ProfitLet's dissect these components to understand what's actually happening with your assets:<h3 id="unrealized-profit-explained">Unrealized Profit Explained</h3>Unrealized profit represents value changes in assets you still hold. This includes:<ul><li>Market value increases of tokens in your wallet</li><li>Accumulated but unclaimed staking rewards</li><li>Growth in rebasing tokens like stETH (where your token balance automatically increases)</li><li>Any accrued yield that hasn't been harvested</li></ul>The key characteristic: these profits exist "on paper" but haven't been captured in your wallet as separate assets yet.<h3 id="realized-profit-explained">Realized Profit Explained</h3>Realized profit comes from completed transactions where you've locked in your gains or losses:<ul><li>Profits from selling tokens at a higher price than purchase</li><li>Claimed staking rewards that now sit in your wallet</li><li>Yield farming returns you've harvested</li><li>Any asset you've unwrapped, swapped, or converted to another form</li></ul>Both unrealized and realized profits can be negative when asset values decrease or when you sell at a loss.<h2 id="a-real-world-example-the-eth-investment-scenario">A Real-World Example: The ETH Investment Scenario</h2>To make this concrete, let's examine a simple scenario:A user purchases 1 ETH for $2,000. Later, the market price reaches $2,500.Scenario 1: A user HOLDS the ETH<ul><li>Unrealized profit: $500 (the price appreciation a user could capture if he sold)</li><li>Realized profit: $0 (the user hasn't executed any action to lock in gains)</li><li>Total PnL: $500 (entirely on paper)</li></ul>Scenario 2: A User SELLS the ETH<ul><li>Unrealized profit: $0 (the user no longer holds the asset)</li><li>Realized profit: $500 (the user has locked in the gain by selling)</li><li>Total PnL: $500 (entirely captured)</li></ul>This illustrates how the same total PnL can have completely different implications for a user's portfolio liquidity and risk exposure.<h2 id="two-perspectives-base-vs-quote-currency-profit">Two Perspectives: Base vs. Quote Currency Profit</h2>Lambda's approach provides two crucial perspectives on a user's portfolio:<h3 id="base-currency-profit">Base Currency Profit</h3>This measures changes in the quantity of the actual crypto assets, answering the question: "How many more tokens do I have?"For example:<ul><li>A user stakes 10 DOT and after 30 days has 10.5 DOT</li><li>The base currency profit is 0.5 DOT (5% growth in the asset quantity)</li></ul>This metric is particularly valuable in inflationary environments or when the user is focused on accumulating a specific asset.<h3 id="quote-currency-profit">Quote Currency Profit</h3>This measures the monetary value of a user's holdings in the reference currency (often USD), answering: "How much more is my portfolio worth?"For example:<ul><li>You stake 10 DOT worth $100 ($10 each)</li><li>After 30 days, you have 10.5 DOT, but DOT's price dropped to $9</li><li>Your quote currency value is now $94.50</li><li>Your quote currency PnL is -$5.50, despite having more DOT</li></ul>This perspective helps users to understand their actual financial position, accounting for both quantity and market price changes.<h2 id="the-algorithm-how-lambda-actually-calculates-user-pnl">The Algorithm: How Lambda Actually Calculates User PnL</h2>Lambda's calculation methodology is specifically designed to capture the nuances of DeFi portfolio performance:<h3 id="1-interval-based-approach">1. Interval-Based Approach</h3>Rather than looking at a portfolio in a single continuous period, we break it down into meaningful intervals:<ul><li>User Action Intervals: Created whenever a user performs actions that change their portfolio structure:<ul><li>Buying or selling assets</li><li>Staking or unstaking</li><li>Adding liquidity or withdrawing</li><li>Claiming rewards</li><li>Receiving transfers from others</li></ul></li><li>Regular Time Intervals: For longer periods, we also add standard time divisions (weekly for 1-month reports, monthly for 1-year reports) to capture market movements between user actions</li></ul>This approach ensures we catch both active decisions and passive market effects.<h3 id="2-comprehensive-data-collection">2. Comprehensive Data Collection</h3>For each interval, we record:<ul><li>Starting and ending token balances</li><li>Starting and ending token prices</li><li>Any external influences (network rewards, rebases, etc.)</li></ul><h3 id="3-precise-pnl-calculation-formula">3. Precise PnL Calculation Formula</h3>For each interval, we calculate:Interval PnL = (End Price × End Balance) - (Start Price × Start Balance)This captures both price effects and quantity changes in a single metric.<h3 id="4-results-aggregation">4. Results Aggregation</h3>We then aggregate all interval results to produce:<ul><li>Overall period PnL</li><li>Time-segmented PnL (monthly, quarterly, etc.)</li><li>Performance visualizations</li></ul><h2 id="the-sttoken-example-seeing-lambdas-pnl-calculation-in-action">The stToken Example: Seeing Lambda's PnL Calculation in Action</h2>Let's walk through a detailed example with a staking token that automatically increases in balance over time:Timeline:<ul><li>January 3, 2023: Initial purchase of 1 stToken at $200</li><li>February 5, 2024: Received 1.5 additional stTokens from a friend</li><li>December 10, 2024: Unwrapped 0.5 stToken</li><li>December 31, 2024: PnL report requested</li></ul><h3 id="step-1-dividing-into-intervals">Step 1: Dividing into Intervals</h3>Lambda divides this into multiple intervals:<ul><li>12 monthly points (Jan 2023 through Dec 2024)</li><li>4 additional points for user activities (purchase, top-up, withdrawal, current time)</li></ul>This creates intervals like:<ul><li>Jan 3 - Feb 1, 2023</li><li>Feb 1 - Feb 5, 2023</li><li>Feb 5 - Mar 1, 2023</li><li>...and so on</li></ul><h3 id="step-2-tracking-data-points">Step 2: Tracking Data Points</h3>For each interval, we record:<ul><li>Beginning and ending token balances</li><li>Beginning and ending token prices</li></ul><h3 id="step-3-calculating-interval-pnl">Step 3: Calculating Interval PnL</h3>For each period, the calculation works like this:  <table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col width="121"><col width="150"><col width="136"><col width="169"><col width="70"></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Interval</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Token Balance Change</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Token Price Change</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Calculation</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">PnL ($)</td></tr><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Jan 3 - Feb 1</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">1.0 → 1.1</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">$200 → $180</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(180×1.1) - (200×1.0)</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">-$2.00</td></tr><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Feb 1 - Feb 5</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">1.1 → 1.12</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">$180 → $185</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(185×1.12) - (180×1.1)</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">+$9.20</td></tr><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Feb 5 - Mar 1</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">2.62 → 2.7</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">$185 → $175</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(175×2.7) - (185×2.62)</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">-$12.00</td></tr><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Mar 1 - Apr 1</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">2.7 → 2.8</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">$175 → $175</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(175×2.di8) - (175×2.7)</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">+$17.50</td></tr><tr style="height:22.75pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">...</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">...</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">...</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">...</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">...</td></tr><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Dec 1 - Dec 10</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">3.1 → 3.3</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">$175 → $175</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(175×3.3) - (175×3.1)</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">+$35.00</td></tr><tr style="height:34pt"><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Dec 10 - Dec 31</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">2.8 → 2.88</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">$175 → $180</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(180×2.88) - (175×2.8)</td><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#003057;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">+$28.40</td></tr></tbody></table>  <h3 id="step-4-aggregating-results">Step 4: Aggregating Results</h3>Adding all interval PnL values gives your total one-year PnL: $76.10This detailed breakdown shows exactly how a user's position evolved through price changes, balance growth, additional deposits, and partial withdrawals.<div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://lambda.p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org#contact_us" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Get Started Here</a></div><h2 id="understanding-specific-defi-scenarios">Understanding Specific DeFi Scenarios</h2>Lambda's PnL calculation handles various DeFi-specific situations:<h3 id="rebasing-tokens-like-steth">Rebasing Tokens (like stETH)</h3>With tokens that automatically increase in quantity:<ul><li>Balance growth is captured within intervals</li><li>This growth is counted as profit, even without explicit claiming</li></ul><h3 id="yield-farming">Yield Farming</h3>For yield farming positions:<ul><li>Unclaimed rewards are tracked as unrealized profit</li><li>Claimed rewards become realized profit</li><li>Compounding effects are captured through balance increases</li></ul><h3 id="liquidity-provision">Liquidity Provision</h3>For LP positions:<ul><li>Impermanent loss is factored into the price component</li><li>Earned fees are captured as balance increases</li><li>Token ratio shifts are handled through the balance measurement</li></ul><h2 id="how-lambdas-pnl-offers-unique-revenue-opportunities-for-wallets">How Lambda's PnL Offers Unique Revenue Opportunities for Wallets</h2>Understanding true DeFi performance goes beyond simple curiosity—it directly translates to strategic business advantages for wallet applications.Within the user base, DeFi users represent the most valuable cohort, driving the majority of profitable transactions. Lambda's PnL solution helps retain these high-value users through a genuine market differentiator—no wallet in the ecosystem currently offers true DeFi return tracking or distinguishes rewards from regular transfers.This retention advantage works on two crucial levels:<ol><li>Experienced DeFi users stay engaged when they can finally track their actual portfolio performance, keeping your most profitable customers within your ecosystem.</li><li>New users gain the confidence to explore DeFi when presented with familiar performance metrics that mirror traditional Web2 investment platforms, accelerating their journey toward becoming power users.</li></ol>By implementing Lambda's PnL tracking, wallet providers create a compelling reason for users to stay within their ecosystem rather than switching between applications or abandoning DeFi altogether when faced with performance uncertainty.<h2 id="start-tracking-your-true-defi-performance-today">Start Tracking Your True DeFi Performance Today</h2>To start tracking your true DeFi performance, you can request access to query the PnL data with Lambda.<div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://lambda.p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org#contact_us" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Request Your API Key Here</a></div>Lambda's sophisticated yet intuitive PnL calculation gives you the data-backed insights needed to increase your revenue.No more spreadsheets, manual calculations, or incomplete metrics—just clear, accurate performance tracking that captures all the nuances of your DeFi portfolio.<h2 id="corner-cases-and-faq">Corner Cases and FAQ</h2>Q: Can I evaluate PnL for positions I've already closed?A: Yes. Lambda analyzes historical data on asset acquisition and disposal prices, allowing for retroactive PnL calculation even for positions that no longer exist in your portfolio.Q: How does Lambda account for swaps and bridging in PnL calculations?A: Swaps and bridging are treated as events that trigger the closing of one position and opening of another. For example, swapping ETH to USDT closes your ETH position and opens a USDT position, with each having its own PnL tracking.For immediate losses or gains during swaps (like slippage costs), Lambda will introduce a transaction-level PnL feature in Q2 that captures these effects separately from position-level PnL.Q: How does Lambda handle external transfers?A: Third-party transfers (like receiving tokens from a friend) are treated similarly to manual top-ups—they create a new interval but don't reset your entire position history.Q: How does the system handle price volatility in both base and quote currencies?A:<ul><li>USD as a base currency is stable (always = $1)</li><li>For crypto assets, we use historical price feeds that capture all volatility</li><li>Calculations are performed at interval boundaries to capture significant price movements</li></ul>Q: How does Lambda handle withdrawals and top-ups?A:<ul><li>Full withdrawals mark the end of a position</li><li>Partial withdrawals create a new interval but maintain position continuity</li><li>Top-ups (additions to existing positions) create new intervals with the combined balance going forward</li></ul>Want to experience the power of Lambda's PnL tracking for yourself?<a href="https://p2p.org/contact?ref=p2p.org"> </a><a href="https://lambda.p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org#contact_us">Contact our team</a> today to learn how our staking solutions can optimize your crypto portfolio while providing unparalleled transparency into your portfolio performance.Website: <a href="https://lambda.p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org">https://lambda.p2p.org/</a><hr>The information provided above is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as, or relied upon as, investment, financial, or any other type of professional advice. P2P.org or any associated parties do not offer any form of advisory services, and nothing shared here should be considered as a recommendation or endorsement for any financial decisions. P2P.org are not responsible for any decisions made based on the information provided. You are encouraged to consult with a qualified financial advisor or professional before making any investment or financial decisions.

Kristof Kammerhofer

from p2p validator

P2P.org Makes Strategic Investment in Rakurai to Boost Solana Performance

<h2 id="tldr"> TLDR</h2><ul><li>P2P.org invests in Rakurai to enhance validator performance and increase staking returns for Solana delegators.</li><li>Rakurai's technology delivers significantly faster transaction processing compared to standard Solana clients.</li><li>The investment strengthens P2P.org's position as an innovation-focused infrastructure provider in the Solana ecosystem.</li></ul>P2P.org is excited to announce our strategic investment in Rakurai, a revolutionary Solana staking protocol that's redefining transaction throughput and validator rewards on the network. This move aligns with our ongoing commitment to enhance blockchain infrastructure and deliver superior staking solutions to our clients.<h2 id="transforming-solanas-infrastructure">Transforming Solana's Infrastructure</h2>Rakurai recently secured $3 million in seed funding led by Anagram Ventures, with participation from P2P.org, Cyber Fund, Colosseum, Slow Ventures, Robot Ventures, Crypto.com, and other strategic investors.Rakurai are in a class of its own due to their novel approach to transaction scheduling and pipeline optimization. Rakurai’s internal tests show the platform has the potential to deliver up to 5x better performance than existing Solana clients, significantly increasing transaction throughput while maintaining high quality of service.<h2 id="why-p2porg-invested">Why P2P.org Invested</h2>Our investment in Rakurai represents a strategic alignment with P2P.org's core goals of maximising returns for our clients and supporting critical infrastructure innovation. By partnering with Rakurai, we're positioning ourselves at the forefront of Solana validator optimization.Specifically, this investment will:<ol><li>Help us explore cutting-edge validator node technologies that could significantly improve staking returns</li><li>Enable P2P.org to offer enhanced transaction processing capabilities to institutional clients with high-throughput requirements</li><li>Strengthen the Solana ecosystem by supporting technology that benefits the entire network</li></ol>The potential for increased block rewards through Rakurai's optimized transaction processing aligns perfectly with our commitment to maximizing returns for our 90,000+ delegators across all networks.<h2 id="bridging-tradfi-and-defi">Bridging TradFi and DeFi</h2>The Rakurai team brings over two decades of experience in ASIC/SOC development and building ultra-low latency, high-throughput systems for algorithmic trading. Led by former <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/s-alirizvi?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Apple engineer Ali Rizvi</a>, the team has already demonstrated their capabilities by winning first place in the infrastructure track of the Colosseum Renaissance Hackathon."We believe Rakurai addresses fundamental challenges that have constrained Solana's performance," said Steven Quinn, Head of Strategy at P2P.org. "By optimizing transaction scheduling and block creation, Rakurai improves network efficiency, creates substantial new value for validators and delegators, and lays the foundation for next-generation blockchain-based trading services and high bandwidth applications."<h2 id="impressive-growth-trajectory">Impressive Growth Trajectory</h2>Even amidst challenging market conditions, Rakurai has established itself as one of Solana's fastest-growing validators. Since late January, their network stake has surged by an impressive 390%, growing from approximately 17,960 SOL to over 88,080 SOL.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfIc30mQuxiinaaxeMfd187tmUfnh8UI-Lk9rpYvOntw7EvwCyFy6x56uWhPFDwDM11iCkwPzVON0et56VkAd4FqY3h4E63d1BYkqVA-QWn_6NKMF6XztM-rprRIyRsa6iXikt0sQ?key=uQUCh4_wT2xJOoN3KF80tR5t" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="610"></figure>Img: Rukarai Stake Growth since 25th of January 2025<h2 id="looking-forward">Looking Forward</h2>Our investment in Rakurai reflects our commitment to pushing the boundaries of what's possible in blockchain infrastructure. We're excited to support the team to develop products that significantly increase Solana throughput, benefiting users, stakers, and node operators throughout the ecosystem.For Solana validators interested in boosting block rewards or applications seeking higher bandwidth, we recommend reaching out directly to the Rakurai team via Rakurai.io.<h2 id="about-rakurai">About Rakurai</h2>Rakurai is supercharging transaction landing on Solana, boosting block rewards for node operators and stakers. Their technology allows applications to increase bandwidth while drastically reducing latency. Leading web3 funds including Anagram, Cyber.Fund, Slow Ventures, Colosseum, Crypto.com, and infrastructure providers like P2P.org and GlobalStake participated in their $3M fundraise.Web: <a href="www.Rakurai.io" rel="noreferrer">Rakurai.io</a> Twitter: @Rakurai_io

Kristof Kammerhofer

from p2p validator

symbiotic Symbiotic Pre-Deposit Migration Guide: How to Move Your Assets to Live Vaults

If you're one of the early adopters who deposited assets into Symbiotic's pre-deposit vaults, it's time to consider making a move. These pre-deposit vaults served an important purpose during Symbiotic's initial launch phase, but they were never intended to be the permanent home for your assets. In this guide, we'll walk you through why you should migrate and provide a simple step-by-step process to do so.<h2 id="what-is-symbiotic">What Is Symbiotic?</h2>Before jumping into migration details, let's look at what Symbiotic actually does and why it's different from traditional staking.Think of Symbiotic as a marketplace where economic security is bought and sold. It creates a win-win situation:<ul><li>Networks that need security can purchase it.</li><li>Asset holders (like you) can earn points by providing that security.</li></ul>What makes this special is that your staked assets can secure multiple networks simultaneously. This means more efficient use of your capital and potentially better network rewards for you.Symbiotic works through three main participants:<ul><li>Stakers (you) - You provide assets through vault deposits and earn network rewards</li><li>Networks - These are blockchain projects that pay for security to operate safely</li><li>Operators - Companies like P2P.org that run the actual infrastructure and do the technical work</li></ul>To keep everything honest, independent "Resolvers" monitor the system and protect against unfair penalties. They're like the referees making sure the rules are followed.<h2 id="why-you-should-migrate-from-pre-deposit-vaults">Why You Should Migrate From Pre-Deposit Vaults</h2>Pre-deposit vaults were created as temporary holding solutions before Symbiotic's full functionality launched. Think of them as the waiting room before the main event. While your assets are safe in these vaults, they aren't working as efficiently as they could be.<h2 id="key-limitations-of-pre-deposit-vaults">Key limitations of pre-deposit vaults:</h2><ul><li>Lower point accrual rates compared to live vaults</li><li>Limited operator selection</li><li>No active participation in the network ecosystem</li><li>Reduced network reward potential</li></ul><h2 id="benefits-of-migrating-to-live-vaults">Benefits of Migrating to Live Vaults</h2>Live vaults represent a significant upgrade for your assets. Here's why moving makes sense:<ol><li>Enhanced Point Accrual Pre-deposit vaults generate fewer Symbiotic points compared to live vaults. Points are crucial for potential future ecosystem benefits.</li><li>Active Ecosystem Participation Live vaults are fully integrated into the Symbiotic ecosystem, allowing your assets to participate in securing networks and generating value.</li><li>Operator Quality Live vaults are managed by reputable operators (including P2P.org) with proven track records in the staking ecosystem. This means your assets are being leveraged by experienced infrastructure providers who maintain high uptime, implement robust security practices, and optimize for performance.</li><li>Future-Proofing As Symbiotic continues to evolve, live vaults will be first in line for new features, integrations, and opportunities.</li><li>Enhanced Capital Efficiency Live vaults implement advanced strategies to improve your capital efficiency. By optimizing how your assets are deployed across different networks within the Symbiotic ecosystem, they aim to deliver improved performance while maintaining appropriate risk parameters.</li><li>Network Diversification By moving to live vaults, your assets gain exposure to a wider range of networks within the Symbiotic ecosystem. This diversification helps spread risk while potentially increasing rewards through multiple revenue streams.</li></ol><h1 id="step-by-step-migration-guide">Step-by-Step Migration Guide</h1>Migrating your assets is a straightforward process that takes just a few minutes. Follow these steps:<h3 id="step-1-navigate-to-symbioticfi-and-click-restake">Step 1: Navigate to symbiotic.fi and click 'Restake'</h3>Begin by visiting the official <a href="http://www.symbiotic.fi/?ref=p2p.org">Symbiotic website</a> and clicking on the 'Restake' button.<h3 id="step-2-select-the-deposit-tab-in-the-top-left-corner">Step 2: Select the 'Deposit' tab in the top left corner</h3>Once you're in the restaking section, find and click on the 'Deposit' tab located in the top left corner of the interface.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXco_iEfa4fefvBQPON4yK9C0SMADG6fr981QG9xMvPWD5Ou4IEip58xICXORGU8fHCfw1-arldmu5DYKWs50KG1M9nas5tjDtW4zT52UzAw4751S9vBp2rK7PtWdPTycfuXv4oIkw?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="883"></figure><h3 id="step-3-select-the-pre-deposit-vault-that-contains-your-funds">Step 3: Select the pre-deposit vault that contains your funds</h3>Find and select the pre-deposit vault where your funds are currently sitting. For this guide, we're using the wBTC pre-deposit vault as an example, but the process is similar for other asset types.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdo3jVHfx-7Kc1EO1lDZmED4sds7UYrvLVIkvkVEiSumXX7TarW6UsQAwAFLurv2A8uYgCmZg00cMTLx1Ht4e0J5JaegKU2ZPoKeVqIWh0frLkX8nTbT3PjTJ7WYQv4TOg_1hw_FA?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="873"></figure><h3 id="step-4-select-migrate-to-initiate-the-migration">Step 4: Select 'Migrate' to initiate the migration</h3>Click the 'Migrate' button to begin the process of moving your funds from the pre-deposit vault to a live vault.Note: As you'll see in the interface, pre-deposit vaults earn fewer points than live vaults, making migration a priority for maximizing your benefits!<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfDcWgUeCqb_4nHjF34tXwj3mfhr0rAY1Vnj44uLb0usNFZAKSVIazpVtnTv7-8YNB3iEGE4IE9arOz-vHEICmmE9IjscMDkqylUDcagcW8bVNmxuHL4dHCJEVeEdc4Pty-qTC4SA?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="873"></figure><h3 id="step-5-review-available-live-vaults">Step 5: Review available live vaults</h3>After selecting 'Migrate', Symbiotic's UI will display all the public/live vaults available for your specific asset. In our example, it will show the public wBTC vaults available for migration.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdlcHe0eIQ3q_ZeoAkTO77Pdk532_i_Ipx7OAjrpn6d1gd9i8calfh7Of5Hg2ckrRHdj7i3HmMvOnm1d6awD2hcg5z4mGb9DJ7K289gnQY_sel7XPeSeJckX2Yqo6TNOQCjrLt_?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="867"></figure><h3 id="step-6-select-your-preferred-vault">Step 6: Select your preferred vault</h3>Choose the vault that best aligns with your preferences. If you're unsure, consider vaults with reputable operators like P2P.org for optimal performance.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcR5mvazNyzCwDlOuqXFeImJOXzZj49a3Smxw6JuE068L3MYRcIlXSPS-_Soq0qGwEx2HX6Z6bq2IF9mVtM26nRAp90sFtMK5HDlZCAxW9kvArr4JMNdeodjjfXfv_vdrk_VG1Y?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="648"></figure><h3 id="step-7-connect-your-wallet">Step 7: Connect your wallet</h3>If you haven't connected your wallet already, you'll be prompted to do so at this stage.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXd3X5RBuOk6AsiaFLWeDcAYWQZG-iIcM0ysb5JUHyXG54_DLJPiQvLdYyUx43hKXMYuXOmxu2KbcBKNxUK8eCdlZUG8yoXkj6ihano-Ilxsl5PLoDEOVYmC24OQH5cSDWlOQTKE?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="882"></figure><h3 id="step-8-select-the-migrate-option">Step 8: Select the 'Migrate' option</h3>On the vault page, look for the 'Migrate' option (typically found alongside 'Deposit' and 'Withdraw' options) and select it.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfvnFTO1bTleJf5H0XPPYunzxwNSoTZ9tv6rPoxl9R604s008WVs5-_v38K42QtZ-WjzHt-D0BlF2_SzeFWOMM4CaQ6hoEA-HI7kNwxkbKSsaWvZWNDJHaEEUgJn7Ck5UrWEbrBSg?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="869"></figure><h3 id="step-9-enter-migration-amount-and-confirm">Step 9: Enter migration amount and confirm</h3>Input the amount you want to migrate, then click the green 'Migrate' button to initialize the transaction.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcVu1y6xYeAJ1vnzkvTVJZ9PZwXo0YzsWjN1FZba0ucfQ1jrhVf0LDW32G2lVVj3pE9KRm9Va1xdSGFZYvKsBw2Px-zEmJkpFGKmcfg4ChUzZ8BukTslJipJc5cLSAoEl_TE_Gr?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="880"></figure><h3 id="step-10-approve-and-finalize-the-transaction">Step 10: Approve and finalize the transaction</h3>Grant the necessary permissions in your wallet when prompted, and confirm the transaction to complete the migration process.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfHvlt_zOUlMBxXu5RzhFzCC99HpraHtvztAowYAMcEglL4kGe6Gyft37JUzydZzlj0bLykBc1Q3mWl7CF-jPsagWBm4vbunf--xAdasPZiFqCqyonPjnxXNCU9405h95hXkPnyyQ?key=2rfROIz05zdLYp5UpBTfosTR" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="877"></figure>Congratulations! Your assets are now working more efficiently in a live vault.<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>Q: Will I lose my accrued points when migrating? A: No, all points you've earned will remain associated with your wallet address.Q: Are there fees for migration? A: You'll only pay standard network gas fees for the transaction.Q: Can I migrate partial amounts? A: Yes, you can choose exactly how much you want to migrate.Q: Is there a deadline for migration? A: While there's no hard deadline, migrating sooner means you'll start earning enhanced benefits faster.Q: How does Symbiotic's architecture ensure security? A: Symbiotic utilizes a resolver system that monitors and validates activities across all connections. Resolvers have veto power over invalid slashing attempts, providing an additional layer of protection for your staked assets.<h2 id="third-party-incentives">Third-Party Incentives</h2>For additional details, visit Symbiotic.fi. Please note that P2P.org does not manage or take responsibility for these incentive programs.<h2 id="risks-assessment">Risks assessment </h2>This information is provided for general purposes only and reflects P2P.org’s subjective view of the project. It is not professional financial advice. Before deciding to participate, you should carefully review all materials on the Mellow and Symbiotic websites, thoroughly evaluate the associated risks, and consult with appropriate legal, financial, and tax advisors. Failure to do so may result in significant financial losses, P2P.org will not be held liable for any decisions made based on the information provided. Proceed at your own risk.Audited Smart Contracts: Symbiotic and Mellow smart contracts have been audited. The reports are available here and here.Immutable Symbiotic Contracts: Symbiotic smart contracts cannot be changed by the Vault curator.P2P.org is a leading node operator and early supporter of Symbiotic. While we believe migration to live vaults is beneficial for users, this article is provided for educational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice.

Kristof Kammerhofer

from p2p validator

Ethereum Playing it Safe: How Ethereum's New Staking Model Protects Conservative Stakers

This blog was written based on Pavel Iashin's <a href="https://purple-sea-cb0.notion.site/Max-Effective-Balance-Increase-Slashing-Risks-in-Pectra-14df8e6f8ab580e4a484d7da4b56dfd1?ref=p2p.org">research on MEB and slashing risks in Pectra</a>.<h2 id="tldr">TLDR</h2><ul><li>The Pectra upgrade reduces Ethereum slashing penalties for single validators by up to 128x, making staking a safer and more attractive option for all stakers. </li><li>P2P.org offers a range of variable risk/reward staking solutions, offering strategies based on your unique risk tolerance</li><li>With advanced slashing protection and professional management, P2P.org ensures Ethereum staking is secure and optimized for the best possible returns.</li></ul>Ethereum staking will change drastically with the upcoming Pectra upgrade, which is expected to go live in April 2025. The upgrade offers a significant opportunity for stakers, introducing more flexibility in balancing risk and reward. For the first time, stakers can dramatically reduce their exposure to penalties while maintaining attractive yields. At P2P.org, we're ready to help you understand and utilize these changes with personally tailored staking solutions designed around your individual risk tolerance.This new era of Ethereum staking combines security with improved returns – a combination that was previously impossible to achieve. Whether you're a conservative staker seeking maximum protection or a growth-oriented staker looking to optimize, the Pectra upgrade opens up new possibilities for customizing your staking strategy.<h3 id="eip-7251-in-a-nutshell">EIP-7251 in a nutshell</h3><a href="https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7251?ref=p2p.org">Ethereum Improvement Proposal #7251</a>, also known as the Maximum Effective Balance (MEB) Increase, will address the inefficiencies of the current Ethereum staking design. This update will enable allocating up to 2048 ETH for a single validator alongside other important improvements and changes, such as auto-compounding and validator consolidations. We have shared more information about the upcoming changes in validator economics in our <a href="https://p2p.org/economy/ethereum-pectra-upgrade-a-shift-in-staking-mechanics/">recent blog post</a> about the upgrade.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXej2CRaaVhdnN3nzl0Ybcy86XlgGHRk-qT40cdnf-QXcmmTqeS5rzwPdGRoV1IsKMS1Nk343WCQfhHALbpMn-daV2Yr2stb8fOrxgYsU65nhsbcJKLd5yIinjgwM2M1QV_MkTlxOg?key=Z5eK-GkRd-O7PM9Klu8-_q4d" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1218" height="964"></figure>Img: Increased validator balance of up to 2048 ETH<h2 id="understanding-slashing-what-you-need-to-know">Understanding Slashing: What You Need to Know</h2>Think of slashing as Ethereum's security system – it's a protective measure that helps maintain the network's integrity by penalizing validators who break the rules, whether intentionally or due to technical issues. Under the current system, these penalties can be significant, but the Pectra update is about to change that in your favor.<h3 id="why-does-slashing-happen">Why Does Slashing Happen?</h3>Slashing occurs in three specific situations, and understanding them helps explain why professional management is crucial:Double Proposals (Proposing two different blocks for the same slot)<ol><ul><li>Think of this as sending two different versions of the same email. This usually happens due to technical issues with the validator setup such as using the same keys in multiple setups.</li><li>Professional operators like P2P.org have sophisticated systems to prevent this.</li></ul></ol>Double Voting (Two different votes in the same slot)<ol><ul><li>Similar to marking two different answers on a test. This is the most common cause of slashing.</li><li>This usually also occurs when the same keys are used in multiple setups or the validator software has database issues.</li></ul></ol>Instead of handling raw keys (which creates risk), we implement Threshold Signature Schemes (TSS), which split one validator key into three separate shards, requiring any two shards to create a valid signature. This 2-of-3 approach provides:<ol><ul><ol><li>Enhanced security: No single point stores the complete key</li><li>Operational flexibility: Enables node maintenance without missing attestations</li><li>Failover protection: The system remains operational even if one shard is compromised.</li></ol></ul></ol>Surround Voting (Making conflicting votes about the chain's history)<ol><ul><li>This is like giving contradictory testimonies about the same event.</li><li>This can happen if a validator either has a database problem, uses multiple keys, is affected by a bug, or is involved in malicious activity.</li><li>Professional management ensures proper synchronization at all times.</li></ul></ol>The good news? When it comes to slashing incidents, the data is reassuring: 90% are caused by double voting, 10% by double proposals, and none by surround voting. These incidents are extremely rare and typically occur when validator keys are mistakenly used across multiple validators. Working with professional operators who follow strict security protocols virtually eliminates these risks. At P2P.org, we have:<ul><li>Advanced slashing protection systems</li><li>Real-time 24/7 monitoring of validator performance</li><li>Immediate response protocols for any anomalies</li><li>Regular system audits and updates</li></ul><div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://www.p2p.org/networks/ethereum?ref=p2p.org#form" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Start Staking with P2P.org</a></div><h3 id="how-slashing-works">How Slashing Works</h3>Slashing is Ethereum's security mechanism that penalizes validators who break protocol rules. When a violation occurs, three distinct penalties come into play:<ol><li>The Initial Penalty is applied immediately when a violation is detected. Currently, it's set at 1 ETH for every 32 ETH staked. This acts as the immediate consequence for breaking protocol rules.</li><li>The Inactivity Penalty accumulates during the withdrawal period because the validator can no longer perform their duties. For a 32 ETH validator, this is currently around 0.057 ETH (as of February 2025), though the exact amount depends on the total effective balance of all validators in the network.</li><li>The Correlation Penalty increases if other validators are slashed within an 18-day window before or after the incident. This design protects against coordinated attacks by making group slashing events exponentially more expensive than isolated incidents.</li></ol>When a validator commits a violation, another validator must spot it and submit proof. Once the network confirms the violation, the initial penalty is applied immediately, and the forced withdrawal period begins. During this time, the blockchain monitors for other slashing events that might trigger correlation penalties. This creates a balanced approach where technical issues face lighter penalties, while coordinated misbehavior receives harsher treatment.<h3 id="what-changes-with-pectra">What Changes with Pectra?</h3>With the Pectra upgrade, we will experience a shift in how Ethereum handles slashing penalties, making staking significantly safer for participants:<h3 id="understanding-the-components">Understanding the Components </h3>With the upcoming Pectra upgrade, all three components of slashing are going to change:The Initial Penalty will be reduced from 1 ETH to 0.0078125 ETH per 32 ETH validator. This means that small technical mistakes or isolated incidents become far less costly. For a validator with 2048 ETH (the new maximum), the initial penalty would be 0.5 ETH - still significant but much smaller than under the current system.The Inactivity Penalty remains proportional to the validator's effective balance and continues through the 36-day withdrawal period. For context, with approximately 33.3M ETH staked (as of February 2025), a 32 ETH validator would face approximately 0.057096 ETH in inactivity penalties, while a 2048 ETH validator would see about 3.654152 ETH. These numbers vary based on changes in the total amount of ETH staked and base reward parameters.The Correlation Penalty is where Pectra introduces improvements to maintain network security while being fairer to validators. The current system's correlation penalty can be uneven due to integer division effects, but Pectra implements a new formula that ensures proportional penalties regardless of validator size. This means a single 2048 ETH validator will face the same correlation penalty as sixty-four 32 ETH validators if the same total stake is affected.<h3 id="real-world-impact">Real-World Impact</h3>Current System:<ul><li>A slashing incident affecting 32 ETH results in approximately 1.05 ETH in total penalties</li><li>This represents about 3.28% of the staked amount</li></ul>After Pectra:<ul><li>The same incident would result in only about 0.06 ETH in penalties</li><li>This represents just 0.19% of the staked amount</li></ul>This reduction in penalties won’t compromise network security because the correlation penalty still provides adequate protection against large-scale attacks. If a significant portion of validators (approaching 1/3 of total stake) are slashed simultaneously, the penalties can still result in complete stake loss, effectively deterring coordinated malicious behavior.This is a risk reduction that makes staking significantly safer for conservative investors. When combined with P2P.org's professional management and customized risk assessment, you get a sophisticated level of protection for your stake.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXf5ZLIFO15ECwt9FVGVzP_8QdR2KMdp5meyM2c1MYDvrtnQuzMNo6F9KEpq0HbHLb-etLppP7r96_uF_2NcJE7gNYJH6qCDZbjNv5ctr_JCI-Ktw0N-rcExXzneLB9StmHu-q91ow?key=Z5eK-GkRd-O7PM9Klu8-_q4d" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="788"></figure>Img: Comparison of Pre-Pectra and Post-Pectra penalties<h2 id="why-professional-management-matters">Why Professional Management Matters</h2>The importance of professional validator management becomes clear when we examine the data on slashing incidents. According to our models, the time taken to respond to an incident significantly impacts the amount of stake affected. For a 4096 ETH cluster, a 25-minute response time results in about 0.02% of stake being affected, while a slower 3-hour response increases this to around 0.1% - a fivefold increase in impact.This difference becomes even more striking when we look at pre-Pectra penalties. The same scenarios under current rules would result in penalties of 12 ETH for quick responses versus 52 ETH for slower responses, with a significant portion coming from the initial penalty. Even though Pectra reduces the initial slashing penalty dramatically (from 1 ETH to 0.0078125 ETH for 32 ETH validators), the speed of response remains crucial.Professional management makes a substantial difference in minimizing these risks. Automation tools can reduce response time to a single slot, significantly decreasing the potential for subsequent slashing events. This is particularly important because slashing incidents typically begin with an "alerting event" followed by potential "subsequent slashing events" that continue until the issue is resolved.The data shows that professional management with rapid response capabilities is crucial in reducing their impact when they occur. This becomes even more important in Pectra's environment of consolidated validators, where a single incident could affect larger amounts of stake.After all, prevention is still the best strategy. That's why P2P.org:<ul><li>Uses battle-tested validator software</li><li>Maintains separate databases for each validator group</li><li>Provides 24/7 technical monitoring</li><li>Offers rapid response to any potential issues</li></ul><h2 id="risk-management-with-p2porg">Risk Management with P2P.org</h2>At P2P.org, we understand that every staker has unique needs and concerns. That's why we:<ul><li>Conduct detailed risk assessment consultations with each client</li><li>Design personalized staking strategies based on your specific risk tolerance</li><li>Provide ongoing risk monitoring tailored to your comfort level</li><li>Adjust strategies as your risk tolerance evolves</li></ul><div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://www.p2p.org/networks/ethereum?ref=p2p.org#form" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Start Staking with P2P.org</a></div><h2 id="your-next-steps">Your Next Steps</h2>If you've been waiting for the right time to stake your ETH, the Pectra update provides the security and peace of mind you've been looking for. P2P.org's personalized approach ensures you get a staking solution that perfectly matches your risk tolerance.Ready to start staking with peace of mind? Contact P2P.org's team to schedule your personal risk assessment consultation and learn how you can adjust your staking strategy specifically to your needs.

Kristof Kammerhofer

from p2p validator

restaking Pell.Network: Unlocking Bitcoin’s Full Potential with Advanced Restaking

<h2 id="tldr">TLDR</h2><ul><li>Bitcoin Restaking Redefined: <a href="http://pell.network/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Pell.Network</a> extends Bitcoin’s utility by leveraging LSTs and BTC derivatives for decentralized security and yield generation.</li><li>Omnichain Security Layer: Pell’s modular architecture provides cross-chain staking for oracles, bridges, and data availability services.</li><li>Mainnet & Ecosystem Growth: With $6.5M in funding, Pell.Network is moving towards its mainnet launch, expanding staking adoption and decentralized applications.</li></ul><h2 id="introduction-expanding-bitcoin%E2%80%99s-utility">Introduction: Expanding Bitcoin’s Utility</h2>Bitcoin has long been recognized as a secure and valuable asset, primarily used for holding, payments, and collateral. However, with <a href="https://p2p.org/economy/understanding-non-custodial-staking-on-the-babylon/" rel="noreferrer">Babylon Bitcoin Staking</a>, a new era of Bitcoin utility emerged, introducing staking and restaking opportunities that attracted significant TVL and facilitated the rise of Bitcoin-based Liquid Staking Tokens (LSTs).<a href="https://pell.network/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Pell Network</a> aims to extend BTCFi to the cryptoeconomic security domain, fully unlocking the value and maximizing the utility of BTC with its innovative staking mechanism. BTC holders can now generate additional yields by providing cryptoeconomic security to Decentralized Validated Services (DVS) at Pell Network. Pell Network is now extending its mission from an omnichain BTC restaking network to a DeFAI infrastructure platform. By applying to Pell’s shared security and omnichain capabilities to the domain of DeFAI, it contributes to creating a more efficient and secure environment for AI Agents.<h2 id="how-pellnetwork-works">How Pell.Network Works</h2>Pell.Network repurposes LSTs and Bitcoin derivatives to extend Bitcoin’s security across decentralized applications through Decentralized Validated Services (DVSs). Users can allocate assets to these services and opt into additional slashing conditions to ensure network integrity.Unlike traditional models, Pell.Network operates as a marketplace for developers, allowing them to attract validators using non-inflationary incentives instead of issuing new tokens. This significantly reduces the cost and complexity of securing decentralized applications.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://p2p.org/economy/content/images/2025/02/unnamed-5-1.png" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="512" height="393"></figure><hr>Key Components of Pell.Network<ul><li>Restaking Layer – Enables BTC assets to secure decentralized applications through Decentralized Validated Services (DVSs)</li><li>Operators – Entities running DVS software, receiving delegated stakes from users</li><li>Delegation – Stakers can delegate assets to operators or run their own validation services</li><li>DVSs – Decentralized services that leverage Bitcoin’s security to enhance Web3 applications</li></ul>By standardizing capital requirements across networks, Pell.Network simplifies Bitcoin restaking and expands its use as a security layer for decentralized applications.<hr><h2 id="ecosystem-architecture-overview">Ecosystem Architecture Overview</h2>Pell.Network employs a layered modular architecture to provide omnichain shared security across ecosystems like EVM, SVM, MoveVM, Cosmos SDK, and TVM. This structure reduces integration complexity for developers and enhances security for stakers.The Restaking Layer consists of:<ul><li>Pell Restaking Contracts deployed across multiple chains</li><li>Restaking Ledger within Pell.Network</li><li>Cross-chain transmission protocols for seamless staking and delegation</li></ul>With Pell Chain’s interoperability, Operators and DVSs can manage services on a single platform, simplifying multi-chain development, lowering costs, and improving efficiency.<h2 id="why-restaking-adds-value">Why Restaking Adds Value</h2>Restaking optimizes staked assets by allowing them to secure multiple networks simultaneously. Instead of being locked into one chain, BTC and its derivatives can back additional services like oracles, bridges, and data availability layers, strengthening security without requiring new capital.For stakers, this means earning additional rewards on the same assets, while developers can secure applications without relying on inflationary token incentives. The result: lower costs, better capital efficiency, and stronger security across blockchain ecosystems.<h2 id="pellnetwork-fundraising-and-support">Pell.Network Fundraising and Support</h2>Pell.Network has secured $6.5 million in funding to develop its Bitcoin restaking infrastructure:<ul><li>Pre-Seed Round (Oct 2024): $3M raised from Mirana, ArkStream, Mantle, and others.</li><li>Strategic Round (Jan 2025): $3.5M raised from D11 Labs, MultiversX, and more.</li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcsm5aZpCRDzZoGGzj3ExclBoeCJaeOy54bhf0c94isu4ebDV2d-z1AuQk1Y2UDdJCKSr6pqQvYQmlzioIwXL3zkuqFQ-CmRsKzdE8entGWAtbKrAtLWKjce1K99JU7EXCHIJ194g?key=5N48HeBiHicbZtJo0PEwAdav" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="900"></figure><h2 id="what%E2%80%99s-next-for-pellnetwork">What’s Next for Pell.Network?</h2>Currently live on testnet, Pell.Network allows users to stake BTC and participate in restaking. The upcoming mainnet launch will unlock full BTC restaking functionality, bringing decentralized operators and DVSs into production.Future developments include:<ul><li>Mainnet Deployment – Full BTC restaking and decentralized operator integration</li><li>DVS Ecosystem Growth – Expanding Bitcoin-based assets, LSTs, and derivatives</li><li>Operator & Staker Expansion – Increasing adoption for security and decentralization</li><li>Cross-Chain Compatibility – Enhancing integration with EVM, Cosmos, SVM, and other ecosystems</li></ul>As Pell.Network scales will establish Bitcoin as a foundational security layer for decentralized services, maximizing BTC’s utility in the evolving blockchain landscape.<h1 id="about-p2p-validator">About P2P Validator</h1><a href="https://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org">P2P Validator</a> is a world-leading non-custodial staking provider, securing over $7 billion from over 10,000 delegators/nominators across 40+ high-class networks. We have actively participated in the Babylon Chain activities since the beginning. In Phase 1 of Babylon Bitcoin Staking, we were the Top 1 Verified Staking Provider in the entire ecosystem, attracting the largest amount of BTC in delegation. <h3 id="read-more">Read More</h3>For further insights into BTC staking, <a href="https://babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Babylon</a>, and the evolution of decentralized security, explore these articles from our blog:<ul><li><a href="https://p2p.org/economy/how-to-stake-btc-with-p2p-org-babylon-dashboard/">How to Stake BTC with P2P.org Using the Babylon Dashboard</a>: Your step-by-step guide on BTC staking using the <a href="https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Babylon Staking Dashboard</a>.</li><li><a href="https://p2p.org/economy/understanding-non-custodial-staking-on-the-babylon/">Understanding Non-Custodial Staking on the Babylon Protocol</a>: A deep dive into how non-custodial staking works. Understand the mechanism behind Babylon Bitcoin Staking and its core concepts.</li><li><a href="https://p2p.org/economy/universality-on-a-scale/">Babylon's Universality on a Scale</a>: Explore the broad applications of Babylon's technology in decentralized security.</li></ul><hr>Do not hesitate to ask questions in our <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">Telegram</a> chat. We are always open to communication.<hr>Web: <a href="https://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org">https://p2p.org</a>Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/p2pvalidator?ref=p2p.org">@p2pvalidator</a>Telegram: <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">https://t.me/P2Pstaking</a> Bitcoin Staking dApp: <a href="btc.p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">btc.p2p.org</a> Babylon Staking Dashboard: <a href="https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org">https://btcstaking.babylonlabs.io/?ref=p2p.org</a>

Kamil Jakub Natil

from p2p validator

Intro to Story Network

<h2 id="story-network-intellectual-property-handled-on-the-blockchain">Story Network: Intellectual Property Handled on the Blockchain</h2>Imagine a world where creators can share, remix, and monetize their intellectual property without getting held up in complex legal agreements or losing track of rights and royalties. <a href="https://www.story.foundation/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Story Network</a> - the first blockchain explicitly built for IP - <a href="https://www.story.foundation/blog/story-mainnet?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">has just gone live</a>, and it's a game-changer for creators, developers, and investors.Managing intellectual property is like tracking a spider's web during a windstorm in the current digital landscape. Rights get tangled, ownership becomes unclear, and tracking who owes what to whom quickly becomes a nightmare. Traditional blockchains, while revolutionary in many ways, weren't built to handle these types of relationships. Their foundation just wasn’t purpose-built for the task.This is where Story Network comes in. It's a new Layer 1 blockchain specifically engineered to handle the complexities of intellectual property in the digital age. But what makes it so unique?<h2 id="a-purpose-built-solution-for-a-complex-problem">A Purpose-Built Solution for a Complex Problem</h2>Unlike general-purpose blockchains that try to be everything to everyone, Story Network has taken a different approach.Storys' strength lies in its graph-like data structure, which is built right into its core. Think of it as a sophisticated family tree for intellectual property, where each creation can have multiple parents, children, and relatives, all interconnected in complex ways. This structure allows Story Network to track and manage these relationships efficiently, making it possible to:<ul><li>Instantly verify ownership and rights</li><li>Automate royalty payments</li><li>Enable permissionless licensing</li><li>Support creative remixing while maintaining proper attribution</li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXceEzYkvGEQ-JeoPOsndyN8UyNvKjrRqlxjNhRaXoBR-CPhieoIgDVKwOcgi_bvrwJbjtTdQfAOSwVRNxOoDa5alWjJQR0aYnP8Pb-5r8uYhP55emwK8r_pQAuczsIjHlmtbeOu?key=xbLMGoANrXRMdnJo95mTRTbD" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1200" height="675"><figcaption>The components of the Story Network</figcaption></figure><h2 id="securing-the-network-with-industry-leading-infrastructure"> Securing the Network with Industry-Leading Infrastructure</h2>As <a href="https://rewards.story.foundation/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Story Network prepares for its token generation event</a>, the importance of choosing the right staking partner cannot be overstated. P2P.org is an industry leader, securing over $8B in staked assets across more than 40 PoS networks. What makes P2P.org particularly valuable for Story Network participants is its unique double-node support system:<ul><li>Flexible Token Management: P2P.org operates two types of validator nodes - one for locked tokens and another for unlocked tokens. This dual-node system allows you to optimize your staking rewards by:<ul><li>Keeping locked tokens with the lock-up validator</li><li>Transferring unlocked tokens and staking rewards to the full-reward validator for higher returns</li></ul></li><li>Institutional-Grade Security: With 99.8% uptime and comprehensive slashing protection, P2P.org offers institutional clients coverage for up to 12 months of staking revenue, ensuring your assets remain secure.</li><li>Enhanced Services:<ul><li>White Label Validator options for partners looking to create custom-branded nodes</li><li>24/7 dedicated support with custom SLAs for institutional clients</li></ul></li></ul>Read more about Story Network staking <a href="https://x.com/StoryProtocol/status/1889767559236383204?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">here</a>.<h2 id="deep-expertise-in-story-protocol">Deep Expertise in Story Protocol</h2>P2P.org's commitment to Story Network runs deep. As one of the top validators in the Cosmos ecosystem, we bring extensive experience with the CometBFT consensus engine, which powers Story Network. Our active participation in both Iliad and Odyssey testnets, along with the Story Foundation's selection of us as an initial validator, demonstrates our technical expertise and dedication to the project's success.<div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://t.me/P2P_staking_support_bot?ref=p2p.org" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Get in touch with us!</a></div><h2 id="why-this-matters-for-creators-and-developers"> Why This Matters for Creators and Developers</h2>The implications are enormous for anyone working with intellectual property. Imagine a musician who creates a beat that others can instantly license and remix, with automatic royalty payments flowing back to the original creator. Or picture a digital artist whose work can be securely tokenized and traded, with each transaction automatically respecting the original creator's rights.For developers, Story Network offers the best of both worlds. It's EVM-equivalent, meaning you'll feel right at home if you're familiar with Ethereum development. However, it also provides specialized tools and optimizations that make handling complex IP relationships a breeze.<h2 id="the-future-of-intellectual-property">The Future of Intellectual Property</h2>What makes Story Network particularly exciting is its potential to democratize IP management. Built on the robust CometBFT consensus engine, with support for both locked and unlocked token staking, Story Network provides the technical foundation needed for secure and efficient IP management at scale.With features like single-slot finality (meaning transactions are processed instantly) and a developer-friendly environment, Story Network isn't just another theoretical construct but a practical solution to real-world problems that creators and businesses face every day.<h2 id="ready-for-the-big-bang">Ready for the big bang?</h2>The countdown is on. Story Network's <a href="https://www.story.foundation/blog/big-bang-block?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Big Bang Block</a> lands at block 1,580,851 on March 4, 2025. This is when <a href="https://x.com/StoryProtocol/status/1889419995131871556?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Story Network's token emissions begin</a>, starting a new chapter in IP management.Are you looking for a trusted partner to navigate this launch? P2P.org brings serious credentials to the table. With $8B+ in staked assets and a rock-solid track record across 40+ networks, we are helping shape Story Network's future.Whether you're a creator looking to protect and monetize your work, a developer building the next generation of IP-centric applications, or an investor interested in supporting this revolutionary platform through staking, Story Network provides the foundation for the future of intellectual property management.Ready to participate in this big bang? <a href="https://t.me/P2P_staking_support_bot?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Contact P2P.org</a> to learn more about maximizing your staking rewards while contributing to the security and success of the world's first purpose-built IP blockchain. Read the Story Network whitepaper here: <a href="https://www.story.foundation/whitepaper.pdf?ref=p2p.org">https://www.story.foundation/whitepaper.pdf</a>

Kamil Jakub Natil

from p2p validator

Polkadot Polkadot 2.0: Scalability, Interoperability, and Innovation

<h2 id="tldr">TLDR</h2><ul><li>In 2024, Polkadot made significant progress in scalability and interoperability, with Async Backing and the "Spammening" event proving the network's capacity to handle high transaction volumes. </li><li>The Polkadot 2.0 roadmap for 2025 introduces important updates, such as EVM compatibility, Elastic Scaling, and improved cross-chain communication with XCM v5. </li><li>With infrastructure optimizations like Omni Node and SAFROLE, Polkadot will position itself as a leader in Web3 and enterprise adoption by addressing scalability, developer tools, and cross-chain interoperability.</li></ul>Looking back on 2024, for Polkadot, the year was marked by major advancements in scalability, decentralization, and interoperability. The <a href="https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/learn-async-backing?ref=p2p.org">introduction of Async Backing</a> reduced parachain block times from 12 seconds to 6, unlocking greater transaction throughput. <a href="https://polkadot.com/spammening?ref=p2p.org">The "Spammening" event</a> stress-tested the network, achieving an astounding 143,000 transactions per second (TPS), demonstrating Polkadot’s ability to handle massive surges in activity.The successful launch of trustless bridges—including Snowbridge (Polkadot-Ethereum), the Polkadot-Kusama bridge, and Hyperbridge—extended Polkadot’s ecosystem to new external networks, extending its interoperability far beyond the ecosystem's borders.During 2024, we saw tremendous activity in Polkadot governance, with over 1,300 referendums initiated and 215 million DOT locked through conviction voting. The ecosystem expanded rapidly, with monthly transactions increasing by over 200%, from 13.1 million in January to 39.6 million by November. On the economic side, the introduction of Coretime, which replaced Slot Auctions, made blockspace allocation more efficient and on-demand. Staking participation remained robust, with over 52.5% of DOT staked, strengthening the network's security and decentralization.These foundational advancements have set the stage for <a href="https://polkadot.com/newsroom/press-releases/asynchronous-backing-launched?ref=p2p.org">Polkadot 2.0</a>, improving developer experience and cross-chain interoperability.<h2 id="polkadot-staking-with-p2porg">Polkadot Staking with P2P.org</h2>In January 2025, P2P.org delivered an impressive 18.08% higher average Network Reward Rate (NRR) than the network baseline. Our consistent outperformance, clearly visible in our private and node NRR, demonstrates our commitment to optimizing validator returns for our stakeholders.This exceptional performance is backed by the following:<ul><li>Enterprise-grade infrastructure ensures the highest uptime</li><li>24/7 technical support</li><li>Advanced validation strategies that consistently outperform network averages</li></ul>As Polkadot enters a new growth phase, partnering with a proven validator becomes more crucial. P2P.org's track record of technical excellence and superior returns positions us as an ideal partner for those seeking to maximize their participation in Polkadot's ecosystem. Our team of experts is ready to guide you through the process and help you capitalize on these industry-leading returns.<div class="kg-card kg-button-card kg-align-center"><a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org" class="kg-btn kg-btn-accent">Get in touch!</a></div><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcFBTMuZ7agtubC02_KUGhT1tbye1pWxSDB6CnaOdgxzolW8T6G3HieZSFTaYCB1Jzah_3bzCYnLxFsthAdIi2ZOjzxMvRQpg6W6ol999yRW30ndweV75udBXJ-lAqOrqZZtZX99Q?key=qvTwa81mYRgG2tcu4anTAXAP" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1600" height="900"></figure><h2 id="polkadot-202025-roadmap">Polkadot 2.0 - 2025 Roadmap</h2>The Polkadot roadmap for 2025 introduces several upgrades leading into Polkadot 2.0:<ul><li>Smart Contract Expansion: With the integration of EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) compatibility and the Polkadot Virtual Machine (PVM) launch, Polkadot will support high-performance smart contracts. This update will make it easier for developers to deploy decentralized applications (dApps) across Polkadot’s multi-chain environment.</li><li>Elastic Scaling: Elastic Scaling will enable the parallel validation of transactions across multiple cores. This will allow Polkadot to easily handle increasing demand, enhancing scalability with dynamic resource allocation.</li><li>XCM v5: Enhancing Polkadot’s cross-chain communication framework, XCM v5 will further improve interoperability between parachains and external ecosystems. This update will streamline interactions between chains.</li><li>Unified Address Format: A single, unified address system will allow users to easily interact with all Polkadot rollups, simplifying wallet management and improving user experience across the entire ecosystem.</li><li>Fast Unstaking & DOT as a Fee Token: Polkadot 2.0 significantly enhances unstaking, allowing users to unstake their DOT much faster, improving liquidity. Additionally, DOT will serve as a universal gas token, allowing it to be used for transaction fees across rollups.</li></ul>With this upgrade, Polkadot will solve its most pressing issues to date: scalability, developer tools, and cross-chain interoperability.<h2 id="the-updates-in-detail">The updates in detail:</h2><h3 id="smart-contracts-empowering-developers">Smart Contracts: Empowering Developers</h3>Polkadot’s smart contract functionality is set for a major overhaul in 2025. Among the most exciting developments is the expansion of smart contract environments. This expansion will make the ecosystem more accessible for a broader range of developers and enterprises by making it easier to build and scale decentralized applications.The integration of EVM compatibility will allow Solidity-based contracts to be deployed directly onto Polkadot, enabling Ethereum developers to bring their projects to Polkadot with minimal friction. Meanwhile, the Polkadot Virtual Machine (PVM), a lightweight, RISC-V-based virtual machine, will allow for the fast, secure, and scalable execution of smart contracts, further optimizing the ecosystem for dApp developers. The JAM SDK, a powerful toolkit for building, deploying, and scaling smart contracts on Polkadot, will also provide developers with the resources they need to build with speed. <h3 id="elastic-scaling-ensuring-high-performance-blockchain">Elastic Scaling: Ensuring High-Performance Blockchain</h3>As scalability remains one of the most crucial challenges for blockchain networks, Polkadot will introduce Elastic Scaling in 2025. This upgrade will enable parallel transaction processing across multiple cores, significantly increasing the network’s throughput.This new approach to scaling will allow Polkadot to meet the demands of high-performance applications like decentralized finance (DeFi), gaming, and enterprise solutions without compromising security or decentralization. Polkadot can scale dynamically by optimizing resource allocation based on network demand, ensuring consistent performance even as the network grows.<h3 id="xcm-v5-interoperability-at-its-best">XCM v5: Interoperability at its Best</h3>Polkadot has long been a champion of interoperability, and introducing XCM v5 in 2025 will bring further advancements. The updated framework will enable seamless communication between parachains, rollups, and external ecosystems. This means that assets and data can flow securely and efficiently across multiple networks.With enhanced security features to prevent malicious cross-chain interactions and reduced transaction costs and latency, Polkadot will be able to offer a more streamlined and secure experience for developers and users alike.<h3 id="unified-address-format-simplifying-the-user-experience">Unified Address Format: Simplifying the User Experience</h3>Managing multiple addresses across different ecosystems can be cumbersome. The new Unified Address Format will solve this issue by allowing users to access all Polkadot rollups through a single address. This will simplify wallet management, reduce onboarding friction for new users, and improve overall usability across the ecosystem. <h3 id="fast-unstaking-dot-as-a-universal-fee-token-enhancing-user-utility">Fast Unstaking & DOT as a Universal Fee Token: Enhancing User Utility</h3>Two of the most significant usability improvements coming to Polkadot in 2025 are Fast Unstaking and using DOT as a fee token.With Fast Unstaking, users can withdraw their DOT faster than ever, enhancing liquidity and making it easier for investors to move in and out of the network. Meanwhile, DOT as a Fee Token will enable users to pay for transaction fees across all rollups, creating a universal gas token that enhances the economic utility of DOT.<h3 id="omni-node-safrole-future-proofing-polkadot%E2%80%99s-infrastructure">Omni Node & SAFROLE: Future-Proofing Polkadot’s Infrastructure</h3>Polkadot 2.0 also introduces Omni Node, a unified node solution that simplifies rollup deployment and enhances overall network efficiency. In addition, SAFROLE, a zkSNARK-based block production optimization, will improve security and performance, ensuring that Polkadot remains a top-tier blockchain infrastructure for years to come.<h2 id="looking-ahead-polkadot%E2%80%99s-path-to-mainstream-adoption">Looking Ahead: Polkadot’s Path to Mainstream Adoption</h2>Polkadot is entering 2025 with upgrades that promise to deliver scalability, interoperability, and an improved developer experience.With EVM compatibility and Polkadot Virtual Machine (PVM), smart contract development will be more accessible than ever. Elastic Scaling will empower Polkadot to handle high-demand applications, while XCM v5 will connect Polkadot to a broader blockchain ecosystem. Meanwhile, Fast Unstaking and DOT as a fee token will improve the network's liquidity and economic utility.These improvements, combined with new infrastructure tools like Omni Node and SAFROLE, ensure that Polkadot will remain at the forefront of blockchain technology. They will drive adoption in enterprise solutions and Web3 applications, making Polkadot the go-to platform for developers and businesses worldwide.<h2 id="about-us">About Us</h2><a href="https://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener noreferrer">P2P Validator</a> is a world-leading non-custodial staking provider, securing over $10 billion from over 10,000 delegators/nominators across 40+ high-class networks. Thank you, all our nominators, for your continuous backing and trust. Together, we’ll forge ahead toward a brighter, more decentralized future! By choosing validators committed to the network's long-term health and security, token holders can contribute to a more resilient and trustworthy blockchain ecosystem.Do not hesitate to ask questions in our <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">Telegram</a> chat or contact Alex via <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>. We are always open to communication.<hr>Web: <a href="https://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org">https://p2p.org</a>Stake DOT with us: <a href="https://p2p.org/networks/polkadot?ref=p2p.org">https://p2p.org/networks/polkadot</a>Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/p2pvalidator?ref=p2p.org">@p2pvalidator</a>Telegram: <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org">https://t.me/P2Pstaking</a>

Kamil Jakub Natil

from p2p validator

Ethereum, Staking Ethereum Pectra Upgrade: A Shift in Staking Mechanics

<h2 id="tldr">TLDR</h2><ul><li>The Ethereum Pectra upgrade in March 2025 will introduce major improvements, including larger validators (up to 2048 ETH), auto-compounding, and enhanced staking efficiency.</li><li><a href="P2P.org" rel="noreferrer">P2P.org</a> is fully prepared for these changes, integrating Pectra’s features into our dApp, API, and staking services to increase rewards and streamline validator management.</li><li>By transitioning with P2P.org, stakers can optimize NRR (Network Reward Rate), reduce operational complexity, and take full advantage of Ethereum’s most significant upgrade.</li></ul>Mark your calendars for March 2025— One of the largest upgrades in Ethereum’s history is about to be released. The Pectra upgrade represents a complete reimagination of staking mechanics, unlocking new opportunities for validators, intermediaries, and DeFi users.As one of the largest non-custodial staking providers, P2P.org has worked hard over the last six months to prepare for and extensively test the upcoming changes, ensuring that our user base receives the best service and exceptional performance. We are ready to provide our users with everything that will provide significant improvements, from automatic compounding to updated validator economics. This blog post will dive deeper into the upcoming changes and how the Pectra upgrade will enhance Ethereum staking.<h2 id="redefining-validator-economics-the-foundation-of-pectra">Redefining Validator Economics: The Foundation of Pectra</h2>At the core of Pectra is <a href="https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7251?ref=p2p.org">EIP-7251</a>, a fundamental restructuring of validator economics. This proposal introduces validators with Max Effective Balances (MEB) of up to 2048 ETH, compared to today’s rigid 32 ETH limit. While these enhanced validators maintain the standard attestation frequency of once per epoch (384 seconds), their attestations carry proportionally greater weight—up to 64 times more than a standard 32 ETH validator. This means that a 2048 ETH validator has the same voting power as 64 individual 32 ETH validators, significantly increasing its influence in finalizing blocks and improving consensus efficiency. Additionally, the probability of block proposals scales proportionally, allowing larger validators to propose blocks more frequently while maintaining Ethereum’s overall security and decentralization.This can be illustrated in a simple real-life example:Twenty independent 32 ETH validators will generate the same rewards as a single 640 ETH validator.Operators can drastically reduce operational costs with this upgrade, translating into higher profitability. By optimizing validator economics in this way, we’re paving the way for more competitive staking opportunities. As a result, we are positioned to offer the best NRR (Network Reward Rate) in the market.<h2 id="auto-compounding-unlocking-exceptional-nrr-and-staking-efficiency">Auto-Compounding: Unlocking exceptional NRR and Staking Efficiency</h2>One of the most significant user-facing changes with Pectra is the introduction of auto-compounding for Consensus Layer rewards. This feature can be enabled by either consolidating two 0x01 validators into one 0x02 validator, updating credentials on an existing validator, or spinning up a new 0x02 one. For our dApp, we are introducing intuitive validator merging flows, allowing users to batch-merge existing validators (since Pectra’s smart contracts currently permit only two at a time). Previously, Consensus layer rewards (which account for ~75% of total staking rewards) were sent directly to withdrawal addresses. With the new 0x02 validators, these rewards are automatically re-delegated into the validator, providing the opportunity to produce extra returns and enhance long-term NRR. <h3 id="the-benefits-of-auto-compounding">The benefits of auto-compounding:</h3>For Validators operating at base ETH (CL+EL) NRR of 3.2%, auto-compounding gradually increases staking returns, for example:<ul><li>After 1 year, APR can rise to approximately 3.24%</li><li>After 5 years, APR approximately increases to 3.42%</li></ul>While these numbers may seem marginal, the cumulative effect is substantial. Over five years, an auto-compounded validator generates approximately 5.47 ETH, compared to 5.12 ETH for a non-compounded validator. With ETH at current market prices, this difference translates to over $1,000 in additional rewards from the network per validator.However, there is a critical threshold—auto-compounding only works if the validator remains below 2048 ETH. Once this limit is reached, all rewards will be distributed to the withdrawal address, effectively stopping the compounding effect.To maintain auto-compounding for as long as possible, P2P.org will cap the maximum validator balance at 1,920 ETH, providing a runway of over two years before reaching the limit. This strategic approach ensures that users can continue to be eligible for returns and stake efficiently without interruptions. By setting this cap, we can maintain a consistent and sustainable growth model, allowing us to provide optimal returns during this timeframe. This ensures that our users not only have a reliable staking experience but also benefit from optimized returns over the long term, with no concerns about disruption in returns.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcUcPYRWl6RRQnWRgDzm_yQuOgDYzxOvIb211j-6VZSQreSMhncEVY8yBBaWbNuY6CoIIHbmUvcDwe_FkzuSBF1nuFh-1qeMZjXg3jobpbtMlkaXj_S-Z3QiZStaSkG379XjAtC?key=tD7TinndwUWXMIxFWc2Iy7g9" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1181" height="636"></figure>Partial WithdrawalsAnother key feature of Pectra is the ability to perform partial withdrawals. Unlike the previous system, where users would need to fully exit their 32 ETH validator to withdraw a significant portion of their staked ETH, partial withdrawals now allow users to remove a portion of their balance while the validator remains active. For example, if you have 64 ETH staked, you can now withdraw 20 ETH without needing to exit the validator entirely. This increased flexibility ensures that users can manage their staked ETH more efficiently, giving them more control over their assets without compromising their staking participation.<h2 id="the-roadmap-to-higher-nrr">The Roadmap to Higher NRR </h2>P2P.org’s <a href="https://eth.p2p.org/auth?ref=p2p.org">Ethereum staking suite</a> is already designed to provide flexible and high-performance staking solutions through our dApp, API, and DVT API (optimized for SSV-based distributed validators and additional reward mechanisms). After the Pectra upgrade, API and dApp native stakers will be able to access its core features, including Max Effective Balance increases, auto-compounding, and partial withdrawals - for restaking and other strategies, we need to wait on 3rd party timelines and implementations. This means developers and institutional stakers can easily implement Pectra’s benefits into their day-to-day operations.<h3 id="the-transition-to-pectra-with-p2porg">The transition to Pectra with P2P.org</h3>To ensure a smooth transition for all our staking users and newly onboarded clients, our engineering teams are working on the following:<ul><li>Developing new user flows for merging validators under Pectra’s new staking mechanics.</li><li>Enhancing monitoring tools and security protocols to adapt to the new validator structure.</li><li>Implementing sophisticated compounding mechanisms to leverage Pectra’s economic model fully.</li></ul><h3 id="where-we-are-right-now">Where we are right now</h3>Our roadmap to being the provider with the highest NRR  and exceptional Execution Layer rewards includes:<ul><li>Initiatives to increase execution layer reward strategies for all our validator setups.</li><li>Collaborating on Mainnet releases with preconfirmation protocols like <a href="https://cyber.fund/content/bolt?ref=p2p.org">Bolt</a>, <a href="https://docs.ethgas.com/?ref=p2p.org">ETHGas</a>, and <a href="https://primev.xyz/?ref=p2p.org">Primev</a> to increase rewards.</li><li>Significantly increase the returns and boosts on <a href="https://www.p2p.org/products/dvt-staking?ref=p2p.org">DVT validators</a>.</li></ul>Since its inception in 2018, <a href="P2P.org" rel="noreferrer">P2P.org</a> has consistently prioritized performance optimization, and in 2024, we have made significant strides toward becoming the best-performing staking operator on Ethereum. Our commitment to excellence is reflected in our #1 ranking for 7-day and 30-day RAVER effectiveness among node operators with over 1% market share. Among the largest Ethereum staking providers, we lead in performance, ensuring maximum efficiency and reliability for our validators.Looking ahead to Q2 2025, we plan to further solidify our position across the entire validator ecosystem through architectural enhancements and collaborations, particularly with SSV-based distributed validator technology (DVT). These improvements will drive greater decentralization, resilience, and efficiency, reinforcing our status as a top-tier staking operator.<h2 id="strategic-implications-for-ethereum-stakers-and-institutions">Strategic Implications for Ethereum Stakers and Institutions</h2>For institutional stakeholders, Pectra represents a major strategic shift that requires preparation. Consolidating validator operations while maintaining equivalent rewards from the network presents compelling efficiency increases for large-scale stakers.P2P.org can support you during the transition to Pectra, particularly in areas such as:<ul><li>Migrating existing validators to the new MEB framework</li><li>Implementing auto-compounding mechanisms for higher NRR </li></ul>The transition to Pectra is your opportunity to increase staking efficiency. P2P.org is leading this transition, ensuring our infrastructure, staking services, and validator strategies are fully optimized for Pectra. As March 2025 approaches, we will continue to guide stakers through this transformation, offering the tools, insights, and infrastructure needed to fully capture the benefits of Ethereum’s most significant upgrade of the year.For a full breakdown of our current performance rankings, visit<a href="https://explorer.rated.network/explorer?network=mainnet&view=nodeOperator&timeWindow=7d&page=1&pageSize=15&ref=p2p.org"> Rated Explorer</a>.

Kamil Jakub Natil

from p2p validator

Solana bbSOL Jito (re)estaking is Now Live!

<h2 id="heads-up-jito-bbsol-restaking-is-live"> Heads up! Jito bbSOL (Re)staking is Live.</h2>P2P.org is excited to announce the launch of a rstSOL vault as part of the <a href="https://www.jito.network/restaking/?ref=p2p.org">Jito (Re)staking</a> ecosystem, enabling users to restake their <a href="https://www.bybit.com/en/web3/staking/BybitSOL?ref=p2p.org">Bybit Staked Sol (bbSOL)</a>. As a confirmed operator for all Node Consensus Networks (NCNs) in the Jito ecosystem, we are proud to contribute to this groundbreaking moment for restaking on Solana.<h2 id="what-is-jito-restaking">What is Jito (Re)staking?</h2>Jito (Re)staking is a multi-asset staking protocol designed to enhance capital efficiency within the Solana ecosystem. Users can maintain liquidity while their assets are actively staked by tokenizing staked assets into Vault Receipt Tokens (VRTs). This approach allows stakers to participate in multiple NCNs simultaneously, thereby boosting potential rewards. Jito Restaking has undergone rigorous audits by leading security firms <a href="https://offside.io/?ref=p2p.org">Offside Labs</a> and <a href="https://osec.io/?ref=p2p.org">Ottersec</a> to ensure its reliability and safety.<h2 id="rstsol-vault-launch-with-tiprouter-ncn">rstSOL Vault Launch with TipRouter NCN</h2>On January 30th, P2P.org’s rstSOL vault will officially support its first NCN: TipRouter. TipRouter is a service designed to decentralize MEV tip distribution on Solana, allowing for a fairer and more efficient allocation of rewards.Restaking with P2P.org will generate rewards on the same day as the TipRouter launch, ensuring stakers can immediately benefit from their contributions. Initially, the rstSOL vault will work exclusively with TipRouter, with additional NCNs like Squads, Switchboard, and Sonic set to join in the future.<h2 id="rstsol-vault-accepts-bbsol-exclusively">rstSOL Vault Accepts bbSOL Exclusively</h2>In partnership with Bybit, the rstSOL vault will exclusively accept bbSOL, which is Bybit's liquid staking token for Solana. This collaboration allows bbSOL holders to participate actively in the Jito (Re)staking ecosystem, enhancing liquidity and efficiency.<h2 id="1465m-restaked-across-jito-vaults">$146.5M Restaked Across Jito Vaults</h2>The ecosystem is thriving with an impressive $146.5M already restaked across Jito’s vaults—like kySOL, ezSOL, bzSOL, and fragSOL. With the addition of rstSOL vault, we’re excited to contribute to this growing momentum and push the boundaries of what restaking can achieve on Solana.At P2P.org, we’re proud to play a key role in supporting Jito’s NCN ecosystem, starting with TipRouter. This is just the beginning, so stay tuned for even more exciting developments ahead!<h2 id="how-to-restake">How to restake?</h2><h3 id="step-1-if-you-don%E2%80%99t-have-bbsol"> Step 1 (if you don’t have bbSOL):</h3>Exchange your SOL to bbSOL on <a href="https://www.bybit.com/en/web3/staking/BybitSOL?ref=p2p.org">Bybit directly</a> (or you can use Jupiter or the Phantom wallet):<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcCAKkQOy29cdY9LTO6Yd3YI5HSMH7oBq3vVQy_y7jW_6sMj8qBEIasiw7nZWEbMUIrCCQyBUZ67Y2XYhHIqZ0v_ldWOipikA4tBmEFwuy3JgroVhMFfFaMI6gPk4LHptJ3gU5gGg?key=Mau9Q9CvtUvXx_Q8EmOmCPT2" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="692" height="370"></figure><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfv-e17AbF0ezIpmEBMVuYyqi31VPR4G5muLM6IohUuzTzdnxIInsZVMfWY5EO-ni0U3FXMvBZgWhW4qQPDbZgtffCIIqi830uiZIQx9SmeYQeRDlIEWuvyF5tJqj-66TUrWSnx?key=Mau9Q9CvtUvXx_Q8EmOmCPT2" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="692" height="560"></figure><h3 id="step-2">Step 2:</h3>Go to<a href="https://www.jito.network/restaking/start/?ref=p2p.org"> https://www.jito.network/restaking/start/</a> and select the rstSOL vault:<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXeFIJjM2QvtaHrACGACHc4auK3dC-kNg3VJPdIcOAfg75VPGx2aZMyHOKjLf9L8WzA7NMEiXzWPEMLDe7IWBpRWhseZ-4s47LaB6xUBDpfD8t4NWedN_qXIK6FeZp7SYxGhr1z5vQ?key=Mau9Q9CvtUvXx_Q8EmOmCPT2" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1248" height="1038"></figure>The picture will be updated once live<h3 id="step-3">Step 3:</h3>Select bbSOL in the token list:<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXeSlXCAhkpP_W7cyI1_EXzUyQK6il0sB7Ka9MGFLQq91FFPRoLeY-Leeqg2hv0TfyNzgqG-941fzGSzSvnF0ekaVIHfu1C8FeC5mTM4tvSYhDvczwvry0l7RZIOclcLRp6VW9UVrQ?key=Mau9Q9CvtUvXx_Q8EmOmCPT2" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1290" height="912"></figure>The picture will be updated once live<h3 id="step-4">Step 4:</h3>Enter the amount of bbSOL you want to restake.The widget will show you how much rstSOL you will get for the bbSOL that you provide.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXetyWTQTUANsO5v2aqotpIrhhqnjJdUOo5fvnuz2NKkFhDY1OWhJigrW8Vvbk3tbJi_3nc_3I63bN9GTXANXh658iAOzXllZuZIvFnRIrbXFaooKVauioieeVEWt5tKP_OdyhHjOg?key=Mau9Q9CvtUvXx_Q8EmOmCPT2" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1290" height="882"></figure>The picture will be updated once live<h3 id="step-5">Step 5:</h3>Confirm the amount.<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXe-UU0oncism9_f3uHLCA9TR8HHH63EtekUrqp03fkNJuN0Ws3HmLPVJPl-QIUAcenwgI3Qt_QQaV7Dx4rfcD23hUoV76-pu3AASyMQqTkITClhcm8qc4WfQ7f3futh6h8fFXkzLw?key=Mau9Q9CvtUvXx_Q8EmOmCPT2" class="kg-image" alt loading="lazy" width="1284" height="840"></figure>The picture will be updated once live<h2 id="done">Done!</h2>Congratulations!  You’ve successfully restaked your bbSOL into the rstSOL vault. By doing so, you’re maximizing your staking rewards and contributing to the security and decentralization of the Solana ecosystem through the Jito restaking protocol.Monitor your rewards and track your rstSOL through the Jito dashboard. Remember, you can always add more bbSOL to the vault or withdraw it as needed.If you have any questions or encounter issues, feel free to contact the P2P.org or Jito community for support.<h3 id="jito-restaking-has-been-audited-by-offside-labs-and-ottersec">Jito Restaking has been audited by Offside Labs, and Ottersec</h3><a href="https://www.jito.network/restaking/jito_restaking_audit_final.pdf?ref=p2p.org">https://www.jito.network/restaking/jito_restaking_audit_final.pdf</a><a href="https://www.jito.network/restaking/Jito-RestakingVault-Nov-2024-OffsideLabs.pdf?ref=p2p.org"> https://www.jito.network/restaking/Jito-RestakingVault-Nov-2024-OffsideLabs.pdf</a> <h2 id="about-us">About Us:</h2><a href="http://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener noreferrer">P2P.org</a> has been a reliable validator in the Solana ecosystem since day one. We maximize staking rewards through High Node Performance and Jito MEV support. Also, backing innovative projects like <a href="https://wormhole.com/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Wormhole</a>, <a href="https://www.pyth.network/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Pyth</a>, and <a href="https://neonevm.org/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noreferrer">Neon</a>, <a href="http://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener noreferrer">P2P.org</a> strengthens the network’s infrastructure while delivering additional opportunities for stakers. You can learn more about our involvement on our <a href="https://www.jito.network/restaking/node-operators/P2P/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener noreferrer">dedicated page</a>.<hr>Contact UsWe are always open to communication. Do not hesitate to ask questions in our Telegram chat. For any questions or support, please contact our team at <a rel="noopener">[email protected]</a>.We encourage you to check our website and start our staking journey together!<ul><li>Web: <a href="https://p2p.org/?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener">https://p2p.org</a></li><li>Blog: <a href="https://p2p.org/economy?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener">https://p2p.org/economy</a></li><li>Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/p2pvalidator?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener">@p2pvalidator</a></li><li>Telegram: <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking?ref=p2p.org" rel="noopener">https://t.me/P2Pstaking</a></li></ul>

Kamil Jakub Natil

from p2p validator

Blog

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